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G`k®sI Kwm-FIGUy (ehA yayeTog) PaK1 rkßasiiTiiÏÏ®Kb''y""ag vacaG`keVHBumı edaysar®Bwti†karN__ExμrkMBugq¬gcUlmkdl'dMNak'kar y"agsMxan'n®bvti†saÂs†Cati KWbJ ̇aerobcMkarkat'eTasExμr ®khm sarBt·man «GgrbUrI» mankiti†yselIkyk‰ksard* Gsçar¥mYyrbs'Gk®sIKIm-FIGflflUy ehAyayeTog Edlman cMNgeCIgfa – «GgkarCanrNa?» mkcuHpßaysarCafIμm†g eTot (elIkTI3) . ‰ksarenHF¬ab'VnTTYlnUvkarekatsresIr BIsMNak' mit†GkGan...

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G`k®sI Kwm-FIGUy (ehA yayeTog) PaK1 rkßasiiTiiÏÏ®Kb''y""ag vacaG`keVHBumı edaysar®Bwti†karN__ExμrkMBugq¬gcUlmkdl'dMNak'kar y"agsMxan'n®bvti†saÂs†Cati KWbJ ̇aerobcMkarkat'eTasExμr ®khm sarBt·man «GgrbUrI» mankiti†yselIkyk‰ksard* Gsçar¥mYyrbs'Gk®sIKIm-FIGflflUy ehAyayeTog Edlman cMNgeCIgfa – «GgkarCanrNa?» mkcuHpßaysarCafIμm†g eTot (elIkTI3) . ‰ksarenHF¬ab'VnTTYlnUvkarekatsresIr BIsMNak' mit†GkGannigCnrYmCatiy"age®cInrYcmkehIy . vtƒ ̈bMNg rbs'eyIg KWsMrab'CYyCaCMnYysμartI dl'mit†GkGannigCn rYmCati edIm∫ICakare®kInrMlwkGMBIXatkmμd*mhaeXareXAmYy Edl®kSgsavtaCatieyIgVnkt'®taTukCanicçrhUteTA . eyIgsUmCMrabmit†GkGannigbgbÌËnrYmCatifa bnÊab'BIcg ®kg‰ksarenH Gk®sIKIm-FIGflflUy ehAyayeTog EdlsB√ ́f©kMBugsãak'enA‰®beTsVrSg VnCYb®bTHnwgkarlMVkk~g CIvPaBrs'enA®bcS ́f©y"agx¬Sg edayGk®sI®tUvp¬as'b†ËrGs&- ydΩanCajwkjab' edIm∫IecosvagkartamB¥aVTBIsMNak' Pãak'yYnkumμÿynis† . esovePA‰ksarTSg3k∫alrbs'Gk®sI eTotesat k*Vn®tUveKhamlk'TUTSg®beTskmıCapgEdr . enHehIyqakCIvitd*e®Kat®Kat ́nExμrGkCatiniym . «GgrbUrI» sem¬gExμrenAbreTs Garm∏kfa ehtuGI√VnCaxM∆cg®kgkMrg‰ksar®bvti†saÂs† « GgkarCanrNa ? » xM∆yl'eXIjfa – ‹ edIm∫IkarJrmatuPUmikmıCa ! ‹ edIm∫Iksagsni†PaBmatuPUmikmıCa ! eyIg®tUv®bmUl®bCaBlrdΩExμr[rYbrYmsamKIKãaBit@ esμaH®tg'cMeJH KãaBit@ [VnsiÌtlμÁtCaF¬gmYy . edIm∫IsamKIKãay"agenHVn luH®taEteyIgecHBn¥l'[®bCaBlrdΩExμr yl'[Vnc∫as' faetIsasn__NaCas®tUvcMeJHCatiExμr ? CaBiess®bCa BlrdΩExμr®tUvEtsal' ®tUvEtdwg faetIGgkarCanrNa ? CacSVc' ®tUvyl'[c∫as'CagenHeTAeTot GMBIlk≈N: ́nsÂgamBit@ k~g®beTskmıCa e®JHsÂgamenHebIeyIg®keLkemIlEtmYyEP¬teTA eyIg eXIjfaCasÂgamrvagExμrnigExμr . b"uEn†ebIeyIgsikßaGMBIneyaVyvatTI Q¬anJnrbs'yYnhaNUy eyIgnwgyl'Vny"aggayfa sÂgamenHCa sÂgamrvagyYnhaNUynwgExμr Edlmancineb"kSgsflfl ̃u®KlMuCamYypg . kll∫icelbTwkdIkmıCaenH yYnhaNUynigcineb"kSgVnerobcMKMera gkarCadMNak'@KW – TI1- elbykkmıCatamry:km¬SgeyaFaQ¬anJn TI2- bgb'Pãak'garyYn « CaBiessbUdUyF¬ak'vin&ymineKarBlk≈&N Ed l®tUvenA®sukExμrrhUt » k~gCYrrbbPMeBj edIm∫IgaykMeTckm¬SgCatiniym Exμr . TI3- lYcbgb'niKmyYnk~g®beTskmıCa edaylYcbn¬MeFI√CaExμr edIm∫I Q¬anJntamry:sn¬wkeqãat . TI4- vakMBugbegItExμrfIμ nSykmkCMnYsExμreyIg . TI5- vamanbegIt®kumXatkrGaf·kMVMg dak'eQμaHCaGaf·kMVMgKW « bEgÌk bdivt†n__ » . TI6- cMENk‰cineb"kSgvij vae®bIkll∫icCabÂJças'CabeN†ay nr- Nak*dwgEdrfa cineb"kSgkMBugEtåbtƒm∏es†csIhnu « KWvae®bIsÂgam®tCa k' » EtvaEbrCap†l'GavuF[Exμr®khm « KWvae®bIsÂgamek†A » . mUlehtuenH eTIbxM∆xM®sav®CavGs'ry:Cag13qS xM∆rkVn‰ksarCaPs† tag manlk≈N:d*®twm®tUvBit®VkdenHminx√HeLIy . xM∆B¥ayamsresrk~g ry:eBlCag®VMbIqSeTIbcb' xM∆k*sMercdak'cMNgeCIg « GgkarCanrNa? » k®mg‰ksar®bvti†saÂs†enHCaerOgBit . dUecHxM∆sUmGMJvnavdl'bgbÌËnExμr rYmQam sUmGan‰ksarenH . bgbÌËnExμrrYmQammuxEtnwgsal'fa sasn__ NaCaecarcUlmkb¬n'®TB¥sm∫ti†®beTskmıCa . CaBiess bgbÌËnnwg®Cab GMBIlk≈N: ́nsÂgamBit@ EdlekIteLIgenAk~ ̈g®beTskmıCaCaTIes~ha rbs'eyIg . V"rIs__, ́f©TI1 tula 1993 Gk®sI KIm-FIGflflUy KMnMu®sI†Exμr ́f©©rHek††AEhg ggiitmãak''‰g kN††alvalFMM sMMbke®kAesIIc QamkggE®skyMM kN††alvalFMM yMMkggesIIce®kA . mYYynwwkdl''bII†† EdlecarG®bIIy__ xageCIIgcab''eTA mYYynwwkdl''kUUn mass©©ÁÁneqameqÌÌA xagt∫ËËglYYceTA yUUrExqSSehIIy . {!Esnseg√√K bII††kUUnEkvEPkk sm¬¬aj''xMM∆∆eGIIy etII®Jt''CYYbviij ...miinCYYbeLIIy ExμμrTuuk≈≈≤tesII∫y Tuuk≈≈eGIIyTuuk≈≈gMM. Ef©©rHek††AEhg ggiitmãak''‰g kN††alvalFMM sMMbke®kAesIIc ebHdUUgTYYjyMM ExμμrebomKMMnMMuu yMMkggesIIce®kA .⁄ GgkarCanrNa ? 1 esckI†epI†m KYr[cEm¬kNas' ! ®beTsExμrkMBugEtVnsuxekßmkßan† ̆ ̆ ̆ ®sab'Etman®Bwti†karN__d*mha c ́®gmYypÊHHeLIg . enA ́f©17emsa1975, ®beTsExμrk¬ayeTACalanmr- N:P¬am . ExμrmYy®kumk¬ayeTAXatkrelIsasn__x¬Ány"ag ́®B ́pß . b"uEn† embJÇakarKW « GgkarGnamik » minEmnsem†cn ̆ sIhnu ...elakexov-sM pneT ̆ ̆ ̆ KYr[cEm¬kNas' ! . KUbdib&k≈c∫SgKãak~gkMLgeBl5qS1Ex ®tUv caj'TSgGs'Kãa . emIlcuH ̆ ̆ ̆ elakln'-nl'sMucaj' sμ&®Kcit†edIrcakecal ®suk, sem†csIhnuEbrCaCab'XMuXSgeTAvij, rI‰exov-sMpn ̆ ̆ ̆ KμanæeQμaH . sMnYr – etInrNaCaGkQH ? cemI¬y – KW®kumsm©at'CaGkQH ̆ ̆ ̆ rYcvalYcbn¬Me®bIeQμaH « Ggkar » . CadMbUgGgkarcat'karsm¬ab'CabnÊan' nUvbJÔv&n†, ®BHsgÙ rYcehIyvaelIk bn†becarsin . kaleNaHGgkar®Kb'®Kg®beTsExμre®bIrbbecar KWeyIg eXIjecark†ab'GMNacy"ageBjelj b"uEn†vae®bIyIehaExμr®khm . Exμr®k hmFunenHedIrb¬n'Vj'sm¬ab'ExμredayesrI . vaEkT®mg'Jk¥b¬n'CaJk¥ esI . b"uEn†Jk¥esIenHsahavyg'X~gCagJk¥b¬n'eTAeTot . e®JHrdΩFmμ nuJÔrbs'Ggkar karJrecaredIresI ̆ ̆ ̆ ebImças'®TB¥min®Bm[ecar KWmin®Bm [ecarExμr®khmFunenaH vasm¬ab'ecaledayesrI rYcecaTfak∫t'Ggkar . Ggkaredj®bCaBlrdΩExμrk~gmYynKr [cakecjBITIlMenA ®tUvecal®TB¥ sm∫ti†y"age®cIn≤tKNna . Ggkar ́qrdΩFanIPMeBjnigTI®kugTSgLay [ k¬ayeTACaTI®kugexμac . eBlenaHGgkarEbrCabJçËlcinbJçËlyYnmkkan' ®beTsExμr, ®bmUl®TB¥sm∫ti†rbs'Exμr, b¬n'dwknSecjedayesrI, ess sl'bni†cbn†ÁcGgkarbJÇa[bMp¬ajecal . GgkareFI√TaruNkmμdl'raÂs† Exμr®Kb'Ebby"ag KWeFI√dUcem†ck*eday[Etdl's¬ab' rYcvacat'®kumXatkr Gaf·kMVMg [ecjmksm¬ab'ExμrCadMNak'@ . emIlcuH ̆ ̆ ̆ bgbÌËnExμreyIgEdlminTan'dl'evns¬ab' kMBugGUsng&l rnas' halek†AhaleP¬øg esIÊrqÁtveg√g Qb'ecHniyay Qb'ecHesIc, Qb'ecHyM ̆ ̆ ̆ ®sab'EtæGgkarbJÇa[dkGavuF BI®kumExμr®khmGtitecar Gs'rlIg . ehIy®sab'EtenA ́f©TI20 tula 1978 em"ag®bEhl®VMbIyb' GgkarCanrNa ? 2 man®kumXatkrGaf·kMVMg cUlmkvaysm¬ab'®kumExμr®khmGtitecarenaH s¬ab'Gs'rlIg . ®sab'Etæfa – man®kumGaf·kMVMgecjmkB&TÏVj'Exμr®k- hmninãakarExμr eXIjEtexμacedks¬ab'JseBj ́®B . ®sab'Etæfa – Gg karbJÇa[cab'x¬ÁnkmμaPiVlCan'xıs'Exμr®khm EdlmanninãakarExμr dUcCa elak Exk-Eb"n ehAmit†sflflUnig®bBnÏ, elak da-hYn ehAmit†va"j, elak hflflU- nwmnig®bBnÏ, elakeBj-FYk ehAv"n-ev"tnig®bBnÏ, Ekv-mas, kuy-FYn Ca edIm ̆ ̆ ̆ nSeTAbJçËlKukTYlEs¬g eFI√TaruNkmμCae®cInEx rYcsm¬ab'ecalenATI enaHGs'eTA . luHsm¬ab'Exμr®khmninãakarExμrCitGs' GkenAsl'rs'bni†cbn†Ác k*rt' rV"t'rV"yGs' . eBlenaHGgkarcat'EtgtSgGtitExμrevotmij®kumTI2 [ sm¬ab'bMVt'BUCExμrteTAeTot . vae®bIyIehaExμr®khmdEdl ®bkastSg ®kumx¬ÁnCatMNagGgkardEdl KW « ®kumExμr®khmnIrtI » . enAcugExF~ËqS1978 ®sab'EtæfaGgkarbJÇËn « eyaFa®sLaj'sem† c" » cMnYnbYnmWunnak' [cUlcMGnÊak'Exße®tomrbs'bUdUy . bUdUyVj's- m¬ab'ecalexÊcGs' .l. nig .l. dUecHcugExF~ËqS1978 ®beTskmıCacMhF¬ ̈g ̆ ̆ ̆ exμaceyaFaminekorkb' minTan'e®scVc'pg ̆ ̆ ̆ enA ́f©TI25 F~Ë 1978 Ca ́f©buN¥NUEGl ̆ ̆ ̆ yYnha- NUybJÇa[bUdUyedIrecjBÍ ́®B cUlmklukluyratt∫atJseBjTI®kug Exμr . ParkicçCadMbUg vaebIkbrLanedIr®bmUlExμr®khm EdlmanninãakaryYn EdlCaGtitExμrevotmij®kumTI1 nSykmkbMJk'buN¥s&ki†[eLIgvij . ®kumTI1bMJk'GavuF[eLIgvij . edIm∫IbEg√gdan, yYnhaNUyVnbJÇa [p¬as'eQμaHbkß eQμaHkgkm¬SgexÊcxIÊGs' ̆ ̆ ̆. manåTahrN__dUcteTA – ‹ bkß®bCaCnbdivt†n__ « GtitExμrevotmij» EdlhU-CImijbJÇa[sWg g"ukmij begItBÍ ́f©28 mifuna 1951 rYccat'EtgtSg[eFI√Ca®bFank~grbb ehg-sMrin ̆ ̆ ̆ yYnhaNUybJÇa[E®beQμaHCa « bkß®bCaCnbdivt†n__kmı- Ca » rYcvacat'tSgehg-sMrin CaGKelxaFikarKNkmμaFikarmCŒwmbkß . elakehg-sMrinenH kalBIqS1970dl'1978 Cavresniy‰kdwknSkg BlFMelx6enAPUmiPaKbUJ· . k~geBlGflfluntak'cUlerobcM®sukExμr bkß®bCa Cnbdivt†n__kmıCa E®beQμaHCa « KNbkß®bCaCnkmıCa » rYccat'tSgmit†Ca swum Ca®bFan . GgkarCanrNa ? 3 ‹ kgkm¬Sg®bdab'GavuF‰kPaBrbs'kmıCa « GtitExμrevotmij®kumTI2 » EdlhU-CImijbJÇa[sWg-g"ukmijbegItBÍ ́f©TI19 åsPa 1951 rYccat'tS gGacar¥sux ehAmit†TU-samut CaembJÇakarenaH ̆ ̆ ̆ bcçbb∫nE®beQμaHCa kg km¬Sg®bdab'GavuF®bCaCnbdivt†n__kmıCa ( k~grbbGgkar kgkm¬SgenHe®bI yIehaExμr®khmnirtI ), rYcyYnhaNUyEk ́q[k¬ayeTACaecar « k~grbb Ggkar ̆ ̆ ̆®kumenHedIresI - k~grbbyYnhaNUyratt∫atlukluy®beTs kmıCa ̆ ̆ ̆®kumenHedIrb¬n' » . ecarb¬n'k~grbbyYnhaNUylukluy®beTskmıCa sahavx¬SgNa- s' KWsahavCagsahaveTAeTot edayvacab'cgraÂs†Exμr rYcGarkbni†cm†g@ rkmaseB®C ̆ ̆ ̆ eTaHman[k*s¬ab' eTaHKμan[k*s¬ab' ̆ ̆ ̆ KWs¬ab'y"agEsnevT naCaTIbMput . « x¬ÁnxM∆pÊal'EdlcakecjecalmatuPUmikmıCa KWbN†almkBI ®kumecar CakUnecAyYnhaNUycUlmkb¬n'vayeFI√Vb cMnYnbYnelIkmkehI y .l. » . emIlcuHbgbÌËnExμreyIgeGIy! ̆ ̆ ̆ GgkarkI† yYnhaNUykI† vacUlmkluk luyratt∫at®beTskmıCa . vaelIkbn†bEt®kumExμrCaGtitExμrevotmij rYc bJÇa[®tYt®ta®beTsExμrtamrebobecar . KYr[cEm¬kNas'@! ̆ ̆ ̆ emIlcuH! ebI®bCaBlrdΩrbs'®beTsnanak~gBiPBelak®tUvrge®KaHs¬ab' ̆ ̆ ̆ ®TB¥s- m∫ti†rbs'eK®tUvvinashinehacEtk~ ̈geBlmansÂgamb"ueNâaH ̆ ̆ ̆ pÊ ̈yeTA vijenA®beTskmıCa ®bCaBlrdΩExμr®tUvrt'ecal®suk ®tUvrge®KaHs¬ab'Ca e®cInlannak' CaBiessGkecHdwg . cMENk‰®TB¥sm∫ti† eXIjEtecarcUlmkb¬n'dwknSecj ̆ ̆ ̆ enAess sl'bni†bn†Ác vavaybMp¬ajecalexÊc ̆ ̆ ̆ minEmnk~geBlkMBugeFI√sÂgameT KWenAk~geBlEdlGgkarnigyYnhaNUyTTYlC&yCMnHmhaelatep¬aHeTA vij . xM∆CaExμrd*s¬Ët®tg', xM∆Camças'TwkdIkmıCa, xM∆®tUvTTYlTaruNkmμpÊal'x¬Án nigVneXIjpÊal'EP~k nUv®Kb'@åbkrN__d*c ́®gåb®TBminTMngTSgenaH ebomCab'Canicçkb'y"age®CA k~gebHdUg ́nkarQWcukcab'esakse®ggBIkar ®Jt'®Vs'®KYsar, BIkars†ay®TB¥sm∫ti†, BIkars†aymatuPUmiCaTIesha ̆ ̆ ̆ dUecHxM∆q©l'Esnq©l', xM∆cg'dwg, xM∆cg'sal'faetIGgkarCanrNa ? edaysarmUlehtuenHehIy eTIbxM∆xM®sav®Cav, xM∆rkeXIjPs†tagCa åTahrN__minx√HeLIy ®BmTSgman‰ksarx¬H@ ebIkbg ̇aj[eXIjnUvmux GgkarCanrNa ? 4 mat'rbs'Ggkar . ‹‹ emIlcuH! k~grbbrbs'Ggkar, cinbJÇËn®ksYgsm©at' GkCMnajkar eyaFa GkbecçkeTs Gk‰keTscMnYn8,341nak' cUlmkkan'®sukExμr edI m∫I[CYyeFI√karGgkar . åTahrN__Ggkarsm¬ab'evCÇbNiÎtCatiExμr, sm¬ab' ®bFaneragc®kCatiExμr ̆ ̆ ̆EbrCabeJçjcinmkCMnYsTSgGs' . m"¥agmYyvij eTot cinnSes~øtrbs'em"A-esTug EdlefI√TaruNkmμ®bCaBlrdΩcinCMnan' bdivt†n__vb∫Fm· (1966-68) ykmk[GgkarGnuvt†eFI√TarNkmμelIExμr . ci nVnbJÇËnLankam"∆gBN· ́btgcas'Cae®cIne®KOg cUlmkkan'®beTs Exμr rYc®bmUl®TB¥sm∫ti†Exμrdak'LanenaH dwknSykeTAbJçËlkV"l'FM@ rbs'va EdlQb'sMcte®tob®taenAkMBg'EpkMBg'esam . KYr[cEm¬kNas' eTAeTot bgbÌËnExμrKYrEtdwg ! kaleNaH elIkElgEtkV"l'ehaHrbs' cin kV"l'ehaHrbs'yYnhaNUy GacmkcuHctQb'e®tob®ta enAcMNt GakasyandΩaneJFicintug y"ageTotTat'minEdldac' . kV"l'cinTI1dwk m ̇ËbcMNImkp†l'[buKlikrbs'va ̆ ̆ ̆ kV"l'ehaHTI2 eq¬øteBlenaHdwk®TB¥ sm∫ti†ExμreTAkan'®beTsrbs'va . kV"l'ehaHTI3 ́f©esAr__f©GaTit¥ vadwk nSbuKlikrbs'va EdlkMBugCYyeFI√kar[GgkarenAk~g®sukExμrenaH edIrel glMEhkayeTA®beTsenH...®beTsenaHy"agsb∫ay . cMENk‰®kumExμrGay"gyYn dUcCab"ul-Bt, ehg-sMrin, hflflun-Esn, Ca-sIumCaedIm vaKitEtBIsm¬ab' ̆ ̆ ̆ vaKitEtBIkMeTcbgbÌËnCatiExμrrbs'x¬Án [ rt'ecal®suk TukTwkdI[ecAh√ayrbs'va .l. ®keLkemIlelakexov-sMpn, elaksWn-esnvij Camnusßecal emßøtKμansmtƒPaBGI√TSgGs' ̆ ̆ ̆. emIlcuH! sUm∫IEtGgkarbJÇa[cab'x¬Án kmμaPiVlCan'xıs'Exμr®khmbkßrbs'elak, cab'KNrdΩmÂnI†, shkarIrb s'elakswgTSgGs'b®JçkKukTYlEs¬g ̆ ̆ ̆ GgkarbJÇa[eFI√TaruNkmμy"ag F©n' rYceTIbsm¬ab'ecal ̆ ̆ ̆ elakTSgBIrnak'dUcCaesaHGegIyKμanyl' Kμan dwgGI√TSgGs' .l. nig .l. ❑ ❑ ❑ GgkarCanrNa ? 5 CMB UkTI1 ‹ ehtudUcem†cVnCaVrSgcUlåbtƒm∏karJrExμr ? ‹ yYnvatTIyknKrcam ! ‹ yYnvatTIykTwkdIkmıCae®kam ! ‹ ®by&tkMBb'EtGug ! ehtuudUUcem††cVnCaVrSgcUUlåbtƒƒm∏∏karJrExμμr? karEdleyIgelIkykerOgBIGtitkald*QWcukcab'CUrct'x¬H@ mkBN·- narlwk®tYs@ KWedIm∫IbMP¬Wkarvivt†n__n®bvti†saÂs†®beTskmıCaeyIg edIm∫I ®Kan'CaBn¬Wdl'stism∫CJÔ:bgbÌËnExμrrYmQam®Kb'@rUb edIm∫IrMlwkbg ̇aj nUvemeronx¬H@Edl®bvti†saÂs†VnF¬ab'sal' ®BmTSgmankarBiesaFn__Ca e®cInelIkrYcmkehIy . åTahrN__Edlmanlk≈N:®twm®tUvenaH minx√H eLIy . yYnhaNUyCaXatkrsm¬ab'bMVt'BUCExμr, Cas®tUvsYrBUC ́n®bCaCn Exμr minEmnEtbcçb∫nenHeT KWtSgBI300qSem"¬H . yYnhaNUymanedImkM eNItenAtugkwg k~gstvtßTI10 . TI®kugFMKWhaNUy . VrSgehACatiyYn CMnan'enaHfa – tugKIn&r ( Tonkinois) . rbrrksIurbs'yYntugkwg KWedIrQ¬an Jn®beTsCitxag ̆ ̆ ̆ eFI√ecarb¬n'®TB¥sm∫ti†rbs'eKmkciJçwmCIvit nigvatTI B®gIkTwkdIrbs'x¬Án ̆ ̆ ̆. emIlcuH! k~gstvtßTI14 yYnQ¬anJncUlmktSgTIlMenAk~gext†xa geCIg ́nnKrcMV" KWk~gext†k√anbij, k√ag®TI nigTUer"n sB√f©ehAdaNag . BIstvtßTI15dl'TI17 yYntugkwgcUlratt∫aty"ag ́®B ́pßk~g®beTscam sm¬ab'bMVt'BUCcam dUecHnKrcMV"TSgmUl ®tUvyYnvatTIelbykTSgGs' BIeCIgrhUtdl't∫Ëg . nKrcMV"k*®tUvrlayVt'eQμaHBIEpnTIBiPBelak k~gqS1696 . GgkarCanrNa ? 6 yYntugkwgE®beQμaHnKrcMV"enHCa «GNâam» EdlmanraCFanIeQμaH «eh√» . yYntugkwgvatTIcUllukluynKrcMV" minTan'VnerobcMTIlMenAVn®sY lbYlpg ̆ ̆ ̆vacab'epI†mrulsMrukvatTIcUlmkTwkdIkmıCae®kamCabn†@ BIe®JH vadwgfa CadITMnab®bkbedayCIrCati®Kb'Ebby"ag sm∫ËrN__edayFnFan ksikmμ ®sUv ®tI nigbEn¬®Kb'mux CatMbn'kMBg'Epsmu®T ̆ ̆ ̆. enAcugstvtßTI17 ®bCaCnExμrkmıCae®kammanEtbYnmWun®KYsareT KW ®bEhlCa2Esnnak'b"ueNâaH rs'enAelÍ ́pÊdITMhM67,700KILËEm"®t®kLa . enAqS1651 es†cExμreQ¬aHKãaBIerOgdeNI†mbl¬graC¥ . es†cExμrd*qÁt m≈agenaH k*rt'eTAsMuCMnYyBIes†cyYneQμaH eg√øg-vUg . es†cyYnenHk*eq¬øt {kasvaykMeTces†cExμr Q¬anJnrMelaPcUlmktSgTIlMenA k~gGaNa- ext†Eb"kxagekIt ́nTwkdIkmıCae®kam k~gext†®BHsYK·a nigext†®BHcg√a . k~ ̈gq~S1696 GaNaext†®BnKr®tUvF¬ak'eTAk~ ̈gkN†ab'dyYneTot . luHmkdl'edImstvtßTI18 yYntugkwgvatTImkdl'Ten¬emKg rYcrulsMruk ykext†Jm nigext†®kmYns . k~gqS1731 varulsMrukykext†em-s nig ext†Lggeha . k~gqS1757 vavatTIykext†pßarEdk nigext†mat'®CUk . dUecHGaNaext†k~gkmıCae®kamTSgmUl ®tUvrebHm†gmYy@F¬ak'eTAk~gkN†a b'dyYnCabn†bnÊab'luH®taEtCitGs'k~gqS1765 ̆ ̆ ̆. enAsl'ext†®BH®tJM g, ext†®TSg nigext†e®CayTwkexμA . Cit100qSe®kaymk ext†TSgbIenHk* F¬ak'k~gkN†ab'dyYndac'e®scenAqS1840 . k~gry:sÂgamyYnratt∫atlukluyvatTIkmıCae®kamenH yYneFI√Taru- kmμExμrkmıCae®kamsahavCagsahav dUcCakalBIqS1815dl'1820 yYn ekNÎExμrkmıCae®kam®bmUlnSykeTAbg≈M[eFI√kary"agF©n' TSg ́f©TSgyb' TSgek†ATSgeP¬øg [CIkE®BkmYymanbeN†ay53K ̆m ̆ TTwg30Em"®t CMerA 2 ̆60Em"®t cab'BIext†mat'®CUkecjeTAkan'mat'smu®TxageCIgTI®kugJm edI m∫IeFI√Cax&NήBMsImaEbgEckrvagkmıCakN†alnigkmıCae®kam . E®BkCIkenaHeQμaH « E®Bkvijet » . eBlkMBugCIkE®BkenaH ebIman ExμrNaeFI√karElgekIt yYncab'ExμrGP&B√TSgenaH m†g3nak'[CIkreN†Ax¬Án ‰g rYccuHGgÿyk~greN†Akb'x¬Ánbnßl'Etk∫al eFI√CamumeCIg®kansMrab'dS Et[Gug . ePI¬genHek†Ax¬SgNas' bN†al[Exμrrge®KaHxMerIbMrHerk∫aleFI√ [kMBb'Et . dUecHeTIbmanJk¥mYyX¬aCaGnusßavrIy__d*CUrct' rhUtTl'sB√ GgkarCanrNa ? 7 ́f©enHfa – « cUrkMueP¬c ̆ ̆ ̆ ®by&tkMBubEtGug ! » . cugqS1820 eBlCIkE®BkvijetrYc yYnk*dak'exãaHeCIgExμrCaGkCIkE®B kTSgGs'siƒtenAkN†alE®Bk EdlmanCMerA2 ̆60Em"®t rYcvaTm¬ayTMnb' Twksmu®T[hUrcUlE®BkvijetenaH . GnicçabgbÌËnExμreyIgEdlCab'cMN g®tUvlg'Twks¬ab'TSgGs' .l. nig .l. yYnvatTIyknKrcMV"kI† yk kmıCae®kamkI† ̆ ̆ ̆vavateTAdl'ext†Na TIkEn¬gNa vak*E®beQμaHCayYnP¬am Edr . ehtuEdlbN†al[yYnvatTIelbkmıCae®kamVnedaygayy"agenH mkBI – TI1- raÂs†ExμrkmıCae®kammankareF√s®bEhs BIe®JHExμrs¬Ët®tg' Tn' P¬n' suPaB mancit†sb∫rrs manemt†aFm· eFI√buN¥dak'Tan ̆ ̆ ̆ maneBlx¬H eXIjyYn®krehmrham edIrsMuTanKμanTIlMenA ExμrEtgEtdak'Tan CYyTMnu kbMrugåbtƒm∏[sg'xÊmenAEk∫r@x¬Án . pÊÿyeTAvijsasn__yYnenH Casasn__ Gkt†JÔË, kMNac, efakTab, ®kLic®kLcc, LËLa CaecarlYctSgBICI s¬wk ́®K emÊsCaedIm ̆ ̆ ̆ j ̈Sg[ExμrFuj®Tan'k*nS®KYsarfycakecjeVHbg'ecal kEn¬genaH eTAkan'TIkEn¬gepßgvij e®JHTwkdIenATUlMTUlay . TI2- kMhusd*F©n'CageK KWes†cekItvivaTc∫SgKãadeNI†mraCbl¬g . es† c‰eNHrt'eTABwgyYn es†c‰eNaHrt'eTABwgesom . kaleNaH®beTs kmıCaeyIgmanlk≈N:dUcCaEdk®Tnab'tUcmYy etIGac®T®Tg'Tb'Tl'nwg jjÁrFM@dl'eTA2Edr...eT ? BIe®JHm≈agCayYn ! m≈ageTotCaesom ! . BIe®JHEtmUlehtuenHehIy VnCak~grCÇkales†cGgdYg BIqS1845 dl'1859 eBl®BHGgeLIgesayraC¥ ®Tg'eQ√gyl'fa dl'eBlputBI ®BHGgeTA ®beTskmıCamuxCa®tUvrge®KaHedaysaryYnnigesom BuHdIExμr EckKãaminxan . kaleNaH edaysarsem†cmIs ( Miche) CaemKN: ́nsasnakatU lik CaGkCYyxHExgnigåbtƒm∏ ̆ ̆ ̆ ®BHVTGgdYgk*sMercesIsMuedaysm©at' [®beTsVrSgCYyTMnukbMrugkarJr . k~gExviciœka1853 ®BHGgVnbJÇËnGkmanbN†as&ki†xagsasnakatU- lik2nak'KW elakkuy-dWm"ugetr"U nigelakEb"n eFI√dMeNIreTACYbkugsflflulV rSg®bcS®kugswg ̇bUrI sMuCYybJÇËnsarlixitrbs'®BHGg CaPasaVrSgsr- esredaysem†cmIs eTAf√ayes†cNab"UeLGugTI3 ́n®beTsVrSg . GgkarCanrNa ? 8 Gs'ry:eBlBIrqS KWrhUtdl'qS1855 eTIb®BHecANab"UeLGugTI3cat' elak dWm"ugTIjI EdlCardΩmÂnI†TTYlebskkmμenA®beTsesomnig®beTs cin [erobcat'EcgeFI√sniÏsJÔasmı&nÏPaBnigJNiCÇkmμCamYy®BHGgdYg . ®BHVTnerat†m EdlCa®BHraCbu®trbs'®BHGgdYg yagecjmkBIVgkk rYceLIgesayraC¥bn†k~gqS1859 . ́f©TI11sIha1863 k*mankarcuHhtƒelxa®Bme®BogK~arvagVrSgnig Exμr « GnuJÔat[VrSgcUlmkCYykarJråbtƒm∏TMnukbMrug » . bnÊab'BIeBl enaHmk ̆ ̆ ̆ reboberobcM®sukeTstamEbbsm&yTMenIb Vn®tUv®BHVTnera- t†m TTYlykmkGnuvt†TSg®sug . dUec~H cab'tSgBIVrSgcUlmkCYykarJråbtƒm∏TMnukbMrug BIq~S1863 dl'qS1953 k~gry:eBl90qS nSmk[®bCaBlrdΩExμrnig®beTskmıCanUv sN†ab'Fãab' reboberobry sMbUrsb∫ay rugerOg nigsni†PaB « KWdUcCa Âh√SgTiB√mYy Tb'yYnnigesom pÌakratt∫atlukluy®beTsExμr » . karrYmrs'CamYyKãa rvagVrSgnigExμr k~gry:eBl90qSenH minmanå- b∫ti†ehtuGI√ekIteLIgCaFMdMueT . k~g®bvti†saÂs† eKGackk'®taCab'Canicçfa Camit†d*lÌeTAvijeTAmk . ❑ ❑ ❑ GgkarCanrNa ? 9 CMB UkTI2 ‹ yYncab'epI†mrukran®beTsCitxag ! ‹ hU-CImijbegItbkßkumμ ̈ynis†≤NÎËcin ! ‹ yYnbegItBYkevotmij nigbegItExμrevotmij ! ‹ snisiThßWENvbJçb'sÂgam≤NÎËcin ! ‹ yYncg'BuH®beTsExμrCaBIrcMENk ! ‹ yYnhaNUybegItevotkug ! yYncab'epI†mvayluk®beTsCitxag VrSg®Kb'®Kg≤NÎËcin dUcCaÂh√SgTiB√Tb'yYn min[edIrQ¬anJn®beT sCitxagGs'ry:eBl65qS . ®sab'EtenAqS1925 ̆ ̆ ̆ manyYnmãak'eQμaH eg√øg-GayKYk E®beQμaHCa hU-CImij cab'epI†mbegIt «bdivt†n__evotNam» . luHdl'qS1929, hU-CImi jk*q~®bDit[eTACa « bkßkumμÿynis†evotNam » . hU-CImijduHKMnitelaPln' cg'vaTTIykTwkdIkmıCae®kam, kmıCakN†a l niglav . KWedaysarmUlehtuenHehIy eTIbvabegIt « bkßkumμÿynis† ≤NÎËcin » enA ́f©TI3 kum∏:qS1930 . edIm∫IsMralbnÊkrbs'va va®tUvEtjHjg'[ExμrEbkVk'Kãa rYcehIyxIç ́d Exμrc∫SgCamYyExμr . dUecH k~gqS1935 ̆ ̆ ̆ hU-CImijsMuCYbelaksWg-g"ukfaj' . vaniyay Tn'P¬n'bbYlelak, sMuelakrYbrYmeFI√karCamYyyYn edIm∫IbegItclnatsflflUrM- edaH≤NÎËcinBInwmVrSg . elaksWg-g"ukfaj'CaExμre®kam, elaksal'c∫a s'nUvkll∫ic®kLic®kLcck*®kx√k'rbs'yYn EdlEtgEtmanCabÂJças'Ca GgkarCanrNa ? 10 beN†ay ̆ ̆ ̆ ̆. eBlenaHelakeqI¬yy"agxI¬fa erOgyYn®tUvyYnedaH®sayeda yx¬Án‰gcuH ̆ ̆ ̆ cMENkerOgExμr®tUvTuk[ExμredaH®sayedayx¬Án‰g ̆ ̆ ̆. enA ́f©TI9 mina qS1945, Cb"uncUllukluyåbTI√b≤NÎËcinmYyry:. hU-CImijeq¬øtyk{kasd*lÌenH ®bkasevotNam‰kraC¥enAExkJÔa qS19 45 ̆ ̆ ̆ rYcbegIt « rNsirßevotNam‰kraC¥smı&nÏPaB » ehAkat'fa « evotmi j ». hU-CImijcab'epI†mbeJçjskmμPaBCalMdab'lMeday eKalbMNgTI1 manerobcMe®KagkarN__TukCae®sc . ebIeBlNaVrSg®tUvcaj' ®tUvfyec jBI≤NÎËcin yYn®tUvEtvatTIykTwkdIkmıCae®kam[VnP¬amCaelIkTI2 ̆ ̆ ̆. dUecHcab'BIqS1945, yYnhaNUyjHjg'xIç ́dyYnxagt∫Ëg [elats m¬ab'kMcayraÂs†ExμrkmıCae®kam CaBiessBYkGkecHdwg jSg[x¬ac k*nS®KY sarrt'ecal®sukecalTwkdITuk[va . vae®bIsÂgamek†A . hU-CImij ́llk QanmYyCMhanm†g@ kMeTcExμrmYyEp~km†g@ tamKMeragkarN__rbs'va Edlman®JgTukmkCae®sc . emIlcuH ! enA®beTskmıCakN†al yYncat'kare®bIsÂgam®tCak' ̆ ̆ ̆ dU- ecHk~gExkJÔaqS1945dEdl hU-CImijEbrCabJÇËn «bUdUy» cUlmkkan' ®beTskmıCa edayykelsfa yYnsμ&®Kcit†cUlmkCYyExμredjVrSg . bUdUycab'tSgmUldΩanenAext†nanadUcCa mNÊlKIrI, rtnKIrI, ekaHkug, esom- rab, Vt'dMbg nigtMbn'nirtITis . kaleNaHbUdUysiƒtenAk~g ́®Be®CA vacab'epI†mTak'Tg®kumecar ́®B, Tak'TgraÂs†Exμr®k@enAtamCnbT nigTI®bCMu Cn ́®BPMq©aydac'®syal . vaniyayTn'P¬n'EpÌmEl ̇m . vaxMeXasnaku- hkfa bUdUysμ&®Kcit†cUlmks¬ab'CamYyExμr edIm∫IvayedjVrSg . va ́leFI√kar®sb@CamYy®kumExμr≤sßr: EdlkMBug®bqSgtTl'cMeJH VrSg edIm∫ITamTar‰kraC¥CUn®beTskmıCa . eq¬øteBlenaHvabJÇËncarkicçrbs'va®Kb'FuncUlkan'®beTskmıCa . ®ku mcarkicçenaHxMeronsU®t [sal'®Kb'®Cuge®CayPUmiyuTÏsaÂs† . sal'c∫a s'EpnTÍ ́®B®Bwkßak~g®beTsExμr . Epkcit†saÂs† vaxMeronsU®t[sal'crit cit†KMnit nigcMNucexßayrbs'®bCaBlrdΩExμr cab'tSgBIGk®suk ́®BPM Gk E®scMkarCnbT emTahan namWunExμr rhUtdl'namWunk~gvSg .l. vaxMdk ®sg'karBiesaFn__nana . vatSgx¬ÁnlÌNas' sUm∫IEtCIs¬wk ́®K emÊsrbs' Exμr k*vaminb"HJl'eLIy . GgkarCanrNa ? 11 enAeBlenaHhU-CImijeq¬q¬arkemdwknSExμr ®sab'Etvadwgfa enA ́f©TI16/ 10/45 VrSgcab'x¬ÁnelaksWg-g"ukfaj' nSykeTAdak'KukenAEx®tB&reT¥r (Poitier) ®sukVrSg . hU-CImijk*sMrSge®CIserIsVnyYnmãak'eQμaH eg√øg va"n'emon ehAGacar¥emon EdlbYsCaelaksgÙExμr VneronsU®trebob rbb TMenomTMlab'Exμry"age®CA®CH GaclYcbn¬MeFI√CaExμr . dUecHhU-CImij sMercdak'eQμaHyYnenaHfa « sWg-g"ukmij » rYcpßayPrbEnƒmfa CabÌËn®bu sbegItrbs'elaksWg-g"ukfaj' . enAExemsaqS1950 hU-CImijcat'bJÇËn[Gacar¥emon E®beQμaHCasW g-g"ukmij . vacat'EtgtSgCae®scCa®bFanrdΩaPiVlExμrtsflflU TTYlbnÊk CanaykrdΩmÂnI† » [cUlkan'®beTsExμr cab'drYbrYmCamYyGacar¥sux E®b eQμaHCaTU-samut ( EdlhU-CImijcat'EtgtSgCa®bFanrN:sirßCati‰k PaBrYcehIy ) . dUecHsWg-g"ukmijnigTU-samutcab'epI†mGnuvt†eX¬agX¬a « bMEbkbMVk'edIm∫I®Kb'®Kg» . vacab'epI†mjHHjg'Bn¥l'®kumecar ́®B, raÂs†Exμr Edl®kl©g'enAtamCnbT, ®bCaCn ́®BPMdac'®syal tamcMNucexßayna na CaBiessvaEvkEjknUverOgvNˆ:jSg[gakerecjBI®kumExμr≤sßr:, [ gakerQb'eKarBrdΩaPiVlrbs'x¬Án . CMruj[ExμrEbkVk'Kãa rYcbgbegItCa sÂgameFI√[Exμrc∫SgKãa . m"¥agvijeTot ExμrFunenaHyl'®cLMy"agF©n'fa swg-g"ukmijCabÌËnbegItrbs'elaksWg-g"ukfaj' ̆ ̆ ̆ ®besIrNas'@ ! . luHhU-CImijTTYlesckI†raykarN__BIsWg-g"ukmijdwgfa raÂs†Exμrfãa k'TabF¬ak'cUlk~gGnÊak'rbs'vaehIy hU-CImijk*cab'ebIkGg®bCMubkßkumμÿy nis†≤NÎËcinCaelIkTI2 cab'tSgBÍ ́f©TI11/2/51 dl'f©TI19/2/51 . TIbJç b'k*bMEbkbkßkumμÿynis†≤NÎËcinCabkßsaxabIKW – yYn, Exμr, lavdac'@BIKãa . - xagyYn, Gg®bCMusMercdak'eQμaHP¬amKW « bkßBlkrevotNam » Ed lk¬aymkCa «bkßkumμÿynis†evotNam» k~gbcçb∫nenH . ‹ cMENkxagExμr vabegIt – k)- kgkm¬Sg®bdab'GavuFbdivt†n__‰kPaBrbs'kmıCa Edlcab'bdisniÏ eLIgkalBÍ ́f©TI19/6/51 EdlhU-CImijcat'tSgTU-samutCaembJÇakar . qS1963 TU-samut®tUveKsm¬ab' ̆ ̆ ̆ hU-CImijcat'tSgsaLt-sr ...b"ul-Bt y"agsm©at'bMput [eLIgeFI√CaemT&BCMnYs . cab'BIqS1970dl'1975 kgT&BenHE®beQμaHfa « kgkm¬Sg®bdab'Gavu FeshaCatikmıCa » EdlmanGnu®bFanembJÇakarCan'xıs' KW®bBnÏrbs' GgkarCanrNa ? 12 b"ul-BteQμaH exov-b"uNâarI . k~grbbrbs'Ggkar kgkm¬SgenHbn¬Me®bIyI- ehaExμr®khm « ®kumnirtI » . k~grbbExμrGay"gyYn ̆ ̆ ̆ ®kumehgsMrin-hflflu nEsnE®beQμaHCa «kgkm¬Sg®bdab'GavuFbdivt†n__kmıCa» . x)- « bkß®bCaCnbdivt†n__Exμr » cab'bdisnIÏeLIgenA ́f©TI28/6/51 Ed khU-CImijcat'tSgsWg-g"ukmijCa®bFan . k~grbbrbs'Ggkar BIqS1976dl'qS1978 Ggkarcat'EtgtSgsmaCi krbs'bkßenH [eFI√Ca®bFanshkrN__, CaKN:tMbn', CatMNagraÂs† . kaleNaHExμrsal'®twmEtKN:tMbn'b"ueNâaH . luHmkdl'rbbExμrGay"g yYn ̆ ̆ ̆ bkß®bCaCnbdivt†n__Exμr E®beQμaHCa « bkß®bCaCnbdivt†n__kmıCa ». yYhaNUycat'tSgehg-sMrin CaGKelxaKNkmμaFikarmCŒwmbkß . cM- ENk‰mit†@dUcCa hflflun-Esn, Ca-swum, Ca-suTÏ CaedIm ̆ ̆ ̆ yYnhaNUycat' EtgtSgCasmaCikkariyal&yneyaVymCŒwmbkß . bcçbb∫nenH « bkß ®bCaCnbdivt†n__kmıCa » E®beQμaHfa « bkß®bCaCnkmıCa » EdlmanCa- swumCa®bFan . enHCa®bvti†ExμrGay"gyYn EdlExμreyIgEtgEtehAfa « Exμrevotmij » tSgBIExmifuna1951enaHmk . enA ́f©TI22/3/55 eTIbbkß®bCaCnbdivt†n__lavekIteLIg . eTaHbIbegIt bkßsaxabIdac'edayELkBIKãay"agenHk*eday k*enAEtman®bPBrYmEtmYy KWbkßkumμÿynis†≤NÎËcindEdl . mann&yfa – bkßExμr lav ®tUvEteKarBeFI√ tambJÇarbs'hU-CImijdEdl . dMNak'karCadMbUgrbs'bkßsaxaTSgbIKW ®tUvEtkMeTcski†PUmi nigc®kBti† . k~gExminaqS1952 hU-CImijdwgfaelak sWg-g"ukfaj'vil®tLb'mkBI®beTsVrSgvijehIy rYcelakrt'cUl ́®Bca b'drYbrYmCamYy®kumExμr≤sßr:edIm∫IkMeTcedjVrSgteTAeTot . hU-CImijeq¬q¬acat'EcgbJÇËntMNagbYnnak' KWExμr2nak' yYn2nak' eTA kan'PUmiGUrsμac' sMuCYbelaksWg-g"ukfaj' . elaksWg-g"ukfaj'GnuJÔat[EtExμr2nak'cUlCYbCamYyelak . eBl enaHExμrtMNagrbs'hU-CImij esIrsMutamsMeNIrbs'hU-CImijdUcteTA – x1- sMubJÇËnbUdUybEnƒmcUlkan'®sukExμr edIm∫ICYyc∫SgedjVrSg[ ecjBI®sukExμr . x2- sMu[ExμrCYyp†l'es∫øgGahar dl'bUdUyenA®sukyYn . x3- sMusiTiÏ[bUdUyedIr®tYt®tacuHeLIgtambeN†ay®BMEdnExμr-yYneda GgkarCanrNa ? 13 yesrI . eBlenaHelaksWg-g"ukfaj'bdiesFsMeNIenH ®BmTSgeq¬øt{kas enaH xMBn¥l'ExμrevotmijTSg2nak' [yl'nUvKMeragkarN__d*®kx√k'rbs'yYn haNUy EdlvaecHe®bIkll∫ic manCabÂJças'manCabeN†ayCanicç ̆ ̆ ̆ cUr kMuTukcit†[esaH . elakbJÇak'fa ®bCaBlrdΩExμrsuPaBs©b'es©øm s¬ËtbUt sucrit ®sLaj'esrIPaB 90%kan'®BHBuTÏsasna . eyIgminGacelat keÂJÇaldUcPMePI¬g e®bIFm·ek†AdUcyYndUcyYnevotmijVneLIy . dIFI¬®beT- sExμreyIgmanCIrCatilÌFMTUlayNas' sMrab'begInpl . eyIgeFI√E®sEt m†gmYyqS rYceyIgsMrak5-6Exy"ag®sYl . cMENk ́®BeQId*mant ́m¬ ma ndl'eTA 73% ́ndIFI¬TSgGs' . Ten¬sab Ten¬emKg p†l'®tIVn®Kb'®Kan' . ®keLkemIleTAt∫Ëgd*mant ́m¬vij eyIgmany"age®cIn ̆ ̆ ̆.l. dUec~HeyIg®Kan'EtrYbrYmK~abMVt'QμÁjkN†al bMVt'sMNUksUkV"n' eyIgGacedaH®saybJ ̇aCIvPaBksikrExμrVny"aggay .l. nig .l. ExμrTSg2nak'enaHvil®tLb'eTACYbva . hU-CImijecjbJÇa[eKsm¬ab'Gk TSgBIrenaHecal edIm∫IecosvagkMu[EbkkarN__rbs'va . sÂgam57 ́f©pÊHH eLIgy"agx¬Sgk¬aenAeDonebonPU . kgT&BVrSgnigbUdUyB&TÏvayKãay"ags√it KWsIusac'hutQamKãa . Tinãanub∫vti†VrSgmYyeQμaH HISTORAMAVnpßa- yfa enAeBlenaHkgT&BVrSgmans¬ab'nigVt'x¬ÁncMnYnCap¬Ëvkar ®VMmWun®VM BIrJn'®VMbYnryekAsib®VMbInak' (57,998nak') . eTIbBiPBelakebIksni- siTmYyenA®kughßWENv cab'BIExemsaqS1954 edIm∫IcrcabJçb'sÂgamenA e®CayåbTI√b≤NÎËcin . dUecHHsnisiTenHVnsMercenA ́f©TI20/7/54 ®tUvbJçb'sÂgamenAelI e®CayåbT√Ib≤NÎËcin EfmTSgyl'®Bm[®beTskmıCa, yYn, lav‰kraC¥ bJÇak'bEnƒmeTotfa T&BbreTsTSgGs'®tUvdkfyecj[Gs'BI®beTsTS gbIenaHCadac'xat . b"uEn†GP&B√ExμreyIg ̆ ̆ ̆ eyIg®tUvVt'bg'TwkdIkmıCae®kamCaelIkTI2 . ®tUv Vt'bg'®bCaCncMnYn4lannak', ®tUvlHbg'vt†cMnYn556 Edlman®BHsgÙ CaCatiExμr kan'®BHBuTÏsasnay"agxÇab'xÇÁncMnYn2mWun5Jn'Gg . ( erOgExμr eyIg®tUvVt'bg'TwkdIkmıCae®kamenH, VrSgdUcCaKμankMhuseT e®JHkal eNaH ebIVrSg®bKl'TwkdIkmıCae®kam[Exμr eKGacsμanVnfa muxCadUc s√aVnEp¬dUgehIy ! ) . KYr[s†ayNas' ̆ ̆ ̆ TwkdIkmıCae®kamsiƒtenAe®kam GgkarCanrNa ? 14 GaNaniKmVrSgGs'ry:eBlcMnYn90qSS . raCkarExμresaHGegIy Kμan KMeragkarrMedaHTal'EtesaH ! . pÊ ̈yeTAvij yYnmanEpnkare®KagTukCa e®sctSgBIqS1945 edIm∫I®Kb'®KgnKrkmıCae®kam . emIlcuH ! VrSg®b- Kl'TwkdIkmıCae®kam[vaP¬am ̆ ̆ ̆ vamankgT&BEdlmankarBiesaFn__d*®Kb'®Ka n' ̆ ̆ ̆ vamannamWunecHdwge®CA®CH ̆ ̆ ̆ vamanGkbecçkeTsd*®twm®tUv nSykmk dak'®Kb'@®ksYg, ®Kb'@EpkP¬am@ .l. VrSgVn®bKl'‰kraC¥[®beTskmıCatSgBÍ ́f©TI9viciœka1953 . yYn evotmijcg'BuH®beTskmıCaCaBIr ̆ ̆ ̆ dUecHeq¬øteBlEdlbUdUytSgmUldΩan enAJseBj®sukExμry"agenH vaEbrCabJÇa[bUdUylYcvaykMeTckgexmr PUminÊenA®suk ́b"lin, ®kecH, E®seCs, vWun ́s CaedIm k~gExemsaqS1954 . eBlenaHkgT&BCatieyIgvaytbeTAvij bN†ay[bUdUy®tUvs¬ab'tayehag ecalexμacJseBj ́®B . emIlcuHbgbÌËnExμreGIy ! kgT&BExμreyIgminEmnGn'‰Na ! . k~gqS 1954, bUdUymankm¬SgT&BnigmanGavuFd*x¬Sgk¬a, vaGacdeNI†mykC&yCMnH BIVrSgenAedonebonPU k*b"uEn†va®tUvbraC&yKYr[Gam"as'enAcMeJHmuxkgexm rPUminÊ . luH®tUvbraC&yy"agenH eTIbvayl'fa ebIe®bIEtGavuFnigkm¬SgVy eFI√sÂgamCamYyExμr vaminGacykC&yCMnHBIExμrVneLIy . e®JH®bCaCn Exμrrwgbwugs√its√ajBUEkGt'®TSnUvkarlMVk®Kb'Ebby"ag . emIlcuHExμrmãak' GacTb'Tl'nwgyYn5nak'Vny"aggay . bn†sÂgamteTAeTotminekIteT ®tUvEtdkfyrkåVyklepßg . yYnsal'critnigcMNucexßayrbs'em dwknS®beTsExμr KWcUlcit†sIueCar, cUlcit†[eKbeJÇar, [eKbeJIçcbeJIçr reNbreNIb ̆ ̆ ̆ ‰gPrGjk*PreTAcuH [Et®tUvcit†Gj ! [EtGjl∫IeQμaH (eLIgbuN¥s&ki†) man®beyaCn__dl'®KYsarGj .l. dUecHyYnhaNUy ®tUvEtbEnƒmGavuFcit†saÂs† nigkll∫icEfmeTot rYcehIyvak*cab'epI†mGnu vt†eX¬agX¬a « bMEbkbMVk'edIm∫I®Kb'®Kg » . yYnevotmijkMBugs¬n'es¬arkåVykl ®sab'EtvadwgfasnisiTenATI ®kughßWENvsMercbJŒb'sÂgamenAåbTI√b≤NÎËcin . {kaslÌmkdl'y"a genH, enA ́f©TI6/8/54, yYnhaNUyecjbJÇa[ecjBÍ ́®BtMerobCYreLIgLa nTSgmuxjjwm rYcelIk ́dbk'rvic@ «sMulabgbÌËnExμr» vil®tLb'eTAkan' ®beTsevotNamvij . vaE®skehflflarkeÂJÇøvsb∫ayrIkray jjwmmann&- yCagExμrmças'®sukeTAeTot . GgkarCanrNa ? 15 cab'tSgBIExkJÔa1954rhUtbn†bnÊab'mk bUdUylblYccUlmkkan'®b eTsExμr . vaedIrefIμreCIgs©at'e®cob . pÊÿyeTAvij enA ́f©TI6/8/54 bUdUy®tU vdkfyecjBI®sukExμr ®sab'EtbUdUytMerobCYrKãaeLIgLan y"agK®KwkK- e®Kg eFI√[epIÌldl'BiPBelaknig®bCaCnExμr . enHCakll∫icfiınEPkd* ®bsb'Gsçar¥ . vabg ̇aj[eXIjpÊal'EPkCak'Es†gfa eBlVrSgfyecj BI®beTsExμr bUdUyk*dkfyecjEdr . dUecHExμrEdlminVnBicarNa k* yl'®cLMy"agF©n'fa – bUdUysμ&®Kcit†cUlmks¬ab'CYyExμrEmn e®JHbgbÌË nExμreyIgsμanyl'tamEtkaremIleXIjb"ueNâaH . KWbuB√ehtuEdlVnerobrab'mkenHehIy VnCaExμrGay"gyYnehg- sMrin, hflflun-Esn, Ca-swumsnidΩanfa yYncUlmkCYyExμrCaelIkTI1 . cMENkyYnevotmijEdlVnsMerceCaKC&yd*FMeFg nUvEpnkarTI1enH ehIy dUecHvaGacelbTwkdIkmıCae®kam EdlCaEpnkarTI2rbs'vaVny"ag gay . ena‰kmıCakN†al‰eNHvij vabegItVnCaExßry:bgb'TukCae®s c mansmaCikExμrevotmijTSgGs'cMnYn®VMJn'nak' p†Ërp†ac'y"agsÌitrmYt bMerIva . eBlbUdUydkT&BecjBI®beTsExμr vasMrSge®CIserIsk~gcMeNam smaCikTSgenaHcMnYnmYyJn'nak' nSykeTACamYy . cMENkbYnJn'nak' eTot va[rMsayCYrsm©Mk~gTIggit sMrab'TukeFI√Exßry:rg'cS{kaslÌvil®t Lb'mkvij . KμannrNamãak'cUlsMusarPaBbMerIraCkarExμreT . cMENk‰ ®kumExμr≤sßr: ̆ ̆ ̆ cab'tSgBI®sukExμrVn‰kraC¥ k*sμ&®Kcit†cUlmksMusarPa BrYbrYmbMerICatiTSgGs' . k~gry:eBl9qSEdlbUdUytSgmUldΩanenAk~g®sukExμr yYnhaNUy CaevotmijxMeronsU®tsal'®Kb'®Cuge®CayPUmiyuTÏsaÂs†®B®BwkßaenAk~ ̈g ®sukExμr . sal'TIkEn¬gt∫Ëgmant ́m¬ CaBiessvaeq¬øtdwknSGavuFcUlyk mkkb'lak'Tukk~g ́®B®sukExμry"age®cIn . åTahrN__enAPUmisMLËtext†Vt' dMbg manbIryedIm . emFM@BIrnak' EdlEfrkßaGavuFTSgenaHeQμaH mUl- sm∫it† ehAtaEb"t nigrs'-jwm ehAtaekA . yYnVn®tYt®ta®beTsbIKW tugkwg, GNâam nigkmıCae®kam . vahflflanrM elaPc∫ab'Gn†rCati, rMelaPsiTiÏmnusß, vahflflanecjc∫ab'[ExμrkmıCae®kamcM nYn4lannak'kan'katyYn . kaleNaH®BHsgÙkmıCae®kameFI√Vtukmμy"ag x¬Sgk¬a ®bqSgnwgGMeBÍ ́®B ́pßrMelaPsiTiÏmnusßenH . edIm∫IbMVt'dan®bvti†saÂs†nigPUmisaÂs†rbs'ExμrkmıCae®kam yYnVn GgkarCanrNa ? 16 p¬as'eQμaHPUmi XMu ®suk nigext†exÊcxIÊGs' rYcvaEfmTSgp¬as'eQμaHnKrTSg bIenaHeTACa «evotNam» eTotpg . vaVnBuHCaBIr edayykExßbnÊat'®sb TI17 Ca®BM®bTl' KWevotNamxageCIgCakumμ ̈ynis† cat'EtgtSghU- CImijCa®bFan nigevotNamxagt∫ËgCaesrIcat'tSgeg"a-Dineyom Ca®bFa naFibtI . eKGac®bdUckarGnuvt†n__Epnkarrbs'yYnrebobenH eTAnwgkare®CIserI- s®tIr"s' EdlenArs'®ss'lÌk~g®kLmYy, ®tIr"s's¬ab'sÌÿy KWBYkyYnBuk rlYyesrIniym BYkecar ́®Bxagt∫ËgenAk~ ̈g®kLmYyepßgeTotCae®sc edIm∫IgayGnuvt†EpnkarTI2CabnÊan' . edIm∫IecosvagkMu[xusc∫ab'Gn†rCati EdlmanEcgk~gsniÏsJÔa ́nsni siTenA®kughßWENvExkkdaqS1954 EdlyYnhaNUyCaevotmij VncuH htƒelxaTTYlyl'®BmCamYy sn¥afaQb'edIrQ¬anJn®beTsCitxag enaH ̆ ̆ ̆ dUecHk~gqS1958, yYnhaNUy ́q~®bDitCaevotkugvij rYccat'EtgtS g « eg√øg-hflflUfU » Ca®bFan . b"uEn†®tUvEts†ab' ®tUvEteKarBtambJÇahU-CImi jdEdl . « evotkugkMBugeq¬q¬arkels ! » . k~gqS1963, eq¬øteBlEdlbJÔv&n†ExμrrjÏ ̈r ́j"rt'cUl ́®B, eq¬øteBl Edlsem†csIhnuTat'ecalCMnYyGaemrikSgenA ́f©TI10viciœka1963 {kas lÌmkdl'y"agenH yYnhaNUyCaGtitevotmij nigCabcç ̈b∫n~evotkug k*cab'epI†mGnuvt†KMeragkarTI2P¬am . vacab'epI†mTak'Tgsem†csIhnu rYcva bJÇËnbUdUyvil®tLb'cUlmkkan'®beTskmıCa, cab'epI†mtSgmUldΩanT&B kEn¬gcas'dEdleLIgvij . vaykelssMudItSgmUldΩanT&B edIm∫IkMeTc GaemrikSgrMedaHTwkdIevotNamxagt∫Ëg . enHehIyCax¬acas'cUlmkkan' silenAvt†dEdlvij . vabiun®bsb'eFI√ÚkTn'P¬n' sUkV"n'namWunExμrEdlTTY lxus®tUvk~gvSg rhUtdl'®KYsarrbs'sem†csIhnu .l. k~gqS1965 evotNamxagt∫ËgVnTTYlGn†raKmn__BIkgT&BGaemrikSg ®Kb'@EpkmancMnYn2Esnnak' . eq¬øt{kasenaHyYnhaNUyCaevotkugk* bJÇËnbUdUymkkan'®beTsExμrEdr edIm∫I[mancMnYnesIμKãa . vaykelsd Edl@fa – « sMudIsãak'enAedIm∫IkMeTckgT&BGaemrikSgrMedaHTwkdIevotNam xagt∫Ëg » . eq¬øteBlenaH vabJÇËn®kumcit†saÂs† cUlmk®beTsExμry"age®cIn . ®kumenHcab'epI†meFI√skmμPaBTak'TgrwtcMNgmit†PaB rvagsmaCikbkß®b- GgkarCanrNa ? 17 CaCnbdivt†n__Exμr KWBYkGtitExμrevotmij EdlhU-CImijbJÇa[sWg-g"ukmij begItBIqS1951 rYcbg ̊b'lak'x¬ÁnTukk~g®sukmancMnYn4Jn'nak'enaHeLIg vij . CaBiessvacab'epI†mB®gwgB®gIkkgkm¬Sg®bdab'GavuFbdivt†n__‰kPaB rbs'kmıCa (GtitExμrevotmij) [rwgmS . vasMrSgCMerIsEtyuvCnExμrEdl ®KYsar®tUvrge®KaH bN†almkBIGMeBIGyuti†Fm·NamYy BIsãa ́dnamWunraCkar CiHCan' rYcvaj ̈Hjg'cak'cuctamcMNucexßaynanaenaH[duHcit†®tUvEtsg swk ̆ ̆ ̆ rYceTIbvabJçËlk~gGgPaBeyaFa .l. ❑ ❑ ❑ GgkarCanrNa ? 18 CMB UkTI3 ‹ ehtudUcem†cVnman®Bwti†karN__18mina1970 ? ‹ karbegItraCrdΩaPiVle®sac®sg'Cati ! ‹ sem†csIhnurt'ecal®suk ! ‹ elakln'-nl'cat'tMNageTACYbsem†csIhnu ! ehtudUcem†cVnman®Bwti†karN__18mina1970 ? elakln'-nl'CardΩmÂnI†nigCanayGKembJÇakarkgT&BCati . tMENg enH elakF¬ab'kan'kab'rhUtmkdl'qS1967 . cab'tSgBIqS1969 elaksMu dkx¬ÁnfyecjBImuxdMENgTSgGs' KWelakmanbMNgf√aysem†csIhnu ceJçjfI√®BHhtƒcuH . m"¥ageTotelakkMBugmankg√l' edaysarmrNPaB fIμ@rbs'elak®sIexg EdlCaPriyad*kMst'k®mrbs'elak . eBlenaH sem†csIhnukMBugbÂgåabBYkeq√gpg BYks†Spg jSg[esdΩ kicçcuHdundab bEnƒmelI≤TiÏBlsÂgamenA®beTsevotNam kMBugCHmkelI Cay"agx¬Sg nigbJ ̇alMnwgneyaVy lMnwgmenaKmviCÇa ®tUvecaTy"agF©n'k~ g®beTsExμr . mUlehtuenH ̆ ̆ ̆ k~gqS1969 sem†c®Tg'TTYlsal'braC& y ́nneyaVyxagEpkesdΩkicç nigkMhusEdlyl'®Bm[evotkugtSgmU ldΩanbUdUyk~gTwkdIExμr . enAeBlenaH vakMBugbJÇËnbUdUy bJÇËnGavuFcU- lmke®cIneLIg@dUcTwkVk'TMnb' ( kaleNaHevotkugkan'kab'TwkdIExμrGs' cMnYnBIrPaKbI 2/3 eTAehIy ) . vaeq¬øtB®gwgB®gIkkgkm¬SgGtitExμrevot- mijeLIgvij .l. dUecHExsIha1969 ̆ ̆ ̆ sem†c®Tg'ebIksmaCBiessmYy rYcsMerccat' tSgelakln'-nl' CaemdwknS « rdΩaPiVle®sac®sg'Cati » . kaleNaH mrtkkmıCa EdleJreBjeTAedayvibti† k*®tUvF¬ak'eTAelIsμaelakln'- nl'TSg®sug . GgkarCanrNa ? 19 elakx√l'Esnx√l'e®JHelakyl'fa – ‹ ebIGaemrikSgdkfyecjBIyYnxagt∫Ëg etIraCkarExμredjbUdUy[ fyecjBI®sukExμrrebobdUcem†ceTA ? eFI√karcrca®Vb'va[dkfyecj ? vac∫as'CaeqI¬yfa eT ! . eyIge®bIGavuF ? kgexmrPUminÊmanEt2mWun7Jn' nak' ? . ebIsinCa®beTsevotNamxageCIgrYmK~aCamYyevotNamxagt∫Ëgvij ®beTsenHnwgk¬ayeTACa®beTsmYyy"agmSxagEp~ksÂgam e®JHrbrrk sIurbs'vaKWeFI√sÂgam . vaeFI√sÂgambn†@CamYybreTs nigCamYyBYkyYn KãavaKμan®sak®san† . teTAGnaKt vamuxCaeq¬øtbn†sÂgam edIm∫IB®gIkTwk dIrbs'vabEnƒmeTot . e®JH®beTsevotNammanTMhM®kLa ́pÊcMnYn330,000Km2 KWFMCag ®sukExμrCitdl'eTA2dg . mancm©ayBIxageCIgeTAxagt∫Ëg ®bEvg2,000 K ̆m ̆ . k~gqS1969 evotNamTSgBIrman®bCaCncMnYn38lannak' ( 20 lannak'enAxageCIg nig18lannak'enAxagt∫Ëg ) . ®beTsevotNamsM- bUreTAeday ́®BPM≤t®beyaCn__®KbdN†b' . 80% ́n ́pÊ®kLaTSgmUl (260, 000Km2) ̆ ̆ ̆ enAsl'Et20% KW66,000Km2b"ueNâaH EdlCadIGacrs'enA Vn . sƒanPaB®bCaCnyYnmancMnYn 600nak'k~g ́pÊdI1Km2 . ®bCaCnevotNammany"age®cIn enAelÍ ́pÊdId*cegÌøtcgÌl'EbbenH nwg GacbN†al[eTACaTm©n'mYyd*F©n'≤tKNnadl'®beTskmıCa Edlman®BM ®bTl'Cab'Kãa e®JHeyIgminGacbwTVMg®BM®bTl'®beTsTSgBIr EdlKμan rVMgFmμCatiCYykarJr[man®bsiTiÏPaBVneT . sB√f©enH yYnecHEtvat TI cUlmktSgenAelIdIExμrEdlTMenrCahUrEhr . k~gqS1969 yYncUlmk tSgTIlMenAtamc∫ab'mancMnYn50mWunnak' k~gcMeNamExμrEdlCamças'TwkdI cMnYn7lannak' .ebIsB√f©bUdUynigraÂs†yYnkMBuglblYccUlbn†mkeTot enaH dUecHExμreyIgBiVksnidΩanNas'cMeJHplviVkEpkxagesdΩkicç ni gneyaVy Edl®beTsExμrnwg®tUvTTYlrge®KaHenAeBlGnaKtxagmux CaBiessGNikCnCatiyYnmancMNgxagp¬Ëvcit† nigneyaVyCamYy matu®beTsedImrbs'vaCanicç . elakyl'eTotfa – karrYmKãaeLIgvij ́n®beTsyYn Camhn†ray≤t GI√®bEkkVn cMeJHP&B√vasna ́n®beTskmıCa . sÂgammuxEtnwgpÊ ̈Hrvag ExμrnigyYn mingayecosvagputeLIy . GgkarCanrNa ? 20 elakln'-nl'hflflanGHGagTTYlsal'fa CnCatiyYnedaymansÂga mCab'@mkdUecHH j ̈Sg[vamancritrwgbwug ecHGt'Fμt'nUvkarlMVk®Kb'Ebb y"ag . rI‰xageyaFa vamanzamBld*x¬SgBUEk mankarBiesaFn__d*®twm®tUvk~ gPk'ePI¬gsÂgam EfmTSgmanKuNsm∫ti†xagp¬ËvbJÔa TSgxagp¬Ëvkll∫ic . dUecHbJÇak'[eXIjfa yYneTAGnaKt EpkeyaFaGacBUEkk~gcMeNam ®bCaCatiTSgLayenAe®Cay≤NÎËcin nigenAk~gGasIuGeKy__Caminxan . k~gqS1970 bUdUymancMnYn2Esnnak' tSgmUldΩanJseBj ́®B ́n®b eTsExμr . cMENkkgexmrPUminÊvij manEt2mWun7Jn'nak'Etb"ueNâaH KWman cMnYnticCagyYnbUdUydl'eTACag7dg ! . enHminniyaydl'cMnYnnigKuN PaB ́nGavuFyuTÏP&NÎpg . elakln'-nl'yl'dUecH mankar®BYyVrm∏y"agx¬Sg . sem†csIhnu EbrCart'ecaltMENg, rt'ecalmatuPUmi, rt'ecalraÂs†Exμr ykrYcx¬Án ehIy Tm¬ak'GMErkenHeTAelIelakeTAvij . elakln'-nl'KμanKMnitk∫t'sem†csI hnueT b"uEn†elak®tUvEtTTYlfμVk'enHedays√&y®bvti† eTIbCMruj[man®Bwti† karN__18mina1970 evlaem"ag1resolenHeLIg . b"uEn†KYr[s†ayNas' kalenaHe®bobdUcCaeyIgeF√s®bEhs beN†a- y[TwkCMnn'Cn'licdl'dMbUlpÊHeTAehIy eTIb®bev®bvarkTICMrk k*k¬ayeTA Caliclg'vinasGn†raydl'PaBGs'sgÙwmrhUtdl'sB√f©enH . m"¥agvij eTot ̆ ̆ ̆ ExμreyIgGP&B√Nas' ̆ ̆ ̆ emIlcuHelakln'-nl'eLIgCa®bmuxrdΩ®Kb' ®KgsaFarNrdΩExμr minVnbMerI®beTs[VneBjeljeT e®JHelakma neraKaJFF©n'dabNas'eTAehIy . eBlenaH elakdUcCaGkkan'GMNac ‰eTot@Edr elakmanKuNsm∫ti†nigKuNvibti†KYr[kt'smal' . nrNa cg'ecaTelakfadUcem†c k*elakKμaneqI¬ytbeT . elakbnßl'Tukkiti†ys rbs'elakepI∆k~g ́draÂs†Exμr EdlecHKitBicarNa ecHe®bobeFob[eqI¬y CMnYscuH . ́f©TI18mina1970kn¬gputeTAeBlNa elakesna®bmuxln'-nl'CYb elaksWg-g"ukfaj' elakEtgEteJldMGUjfa – « KYr[s†ayNas'@ min KYr[man®Bwti†karN__eday ́cdn¥y"agenHeT nS[elakCab'eQμaHk~g®bvti† saÂs† faelakCaGkdeNI†mGMNacBIsem†csIhnu » . tSgBIedImTImk elakeKarBnigesμaH®tg'cMeJHsem†cGs'BIdYgcit† elakKμannwknak∫t'...d eNI†mGMNacBI®BHGgTal'EtesaH . GgkarCanrNa ? 21 cuHebI®BHGgrt'ecaltMENg rt'ecalkUn@eTAehIy etI[eFI√dUcem†ceTA ? dU- ecHvasnaCMrujeKcminput elak®tUvEtpßge®BgCacuge®kaybgÌs' ®tUvEt lHbg'GI√@TSgGs'edIm∫ICati . k~geBlEdl®beTsExμrkMBugq¬gkat'Pk'sÂgam elakesna®bmuxl n'-nl'yl'c∫as'Nas'fa KWyYnhaNUyeTAEdleq¬øt{kasenH bJÇa[ bUdUyvaykMeTcsm¬ab'Exμr e®JHvamanEtEpnkar®JgTukCae®sc ®tUvEt®k ́Lmux®beTskmıCa [eTACakumμÿynis†≤NÎËcin « minEmneFI√sÂgamCamYy sem†csIhnueT! » . dUec~H®Kb'@sunÊrkfarbs'elak elakEtgEtdas'etOnrMlwk®bCaBl rdΩExμrfa eyIg®tUv®by&tñnUve®KaHfãak'nBYkTmiL ! . ebIeBlNaBYkvaTTYl C&yCMnH vanwgb†ËrmuxkmıCaeTAtammenaKmviCÇarbs'va . vanwgksagkmıCafIμ elIKMnrepHKMnrqÌwg ́nraÂs†ExμrCaminxan . « etIeyabl' Jk¥dMbUnμanrbs' elak®tUv...eTenAeBlenH ? » . edIm∫IbJÇak'sem†csIhnu[yl'nUvPk'ePI¬gsÂgamd*Bit®Vkdk~gTwkdI Exμr EdlkMBugpÊHHeLIgenaH ̆ ̆ ̆ dUecHe®kay ́f©18mina1970 ®BHmhakß®tIya nInigrdΩsPaExμr Vncat'tMNag2rUb KW®BHGgmças'nerat†m-kn†l CatMNa g®BHraCvSg, elakEym-sMbUr CatMNagxagEpkrdΩaPiVl bJÇËneTAKal' sem†csIhnuenATI®kugV"rIs__ KWsUmsem†csMNak'enA®beTsVrSgsMrak ®BHkayKg'enAes©ømsincuH TMrSkUn@erobcMcat'EcgsƒankarN__[Vnerob ry®sYlbYlsin ̆ ̆ ̆kUn@nwgsUmyagsem†c"vil®tLb'eTAkan'TI®kugPMeB- j k~gzan:Ca®BmuxrdΩdEdlvij . b"uEn†sem†csIhnucecs k*bdiesFecalesckI†sMuenHTSg®sug eday min®BmCYbtMNagTSg2rUbenaHeLIy rYc®bkasdMkl'Tukfa rdΩaPiVlsaFa rNrdΩExμrnigsPak∫t'Cati k∫t'raCbl¬geTAvij . kaleNaHGtItshPaBsUevotf√ayeyabl' sMukMu[sem†cyageTA kan'®sukcineLIy ̆ ̆ ̆. « GtItshPaBsUevotKS®Telakesna®bmuxln'- nl'enA ́f©TI17emsa1975 » . ❑ ❑ ❑ GgkarCanrNa ? 22 CMB UkTI4 ‹ cinnigyYnhaNUyebIkkll∫iceVksem†csIhnu ! ‹ cinnigyYnebIkGg®bCMubegItrNsirß®bCaCnTSgbÍ ́n åbTI√b≤NÎËcin ( FUTPI) ! ‹ cin yYn niglav KS®Tsem†c ! ‹ skmμPaBbUdUyvaykMeTcExμrln'-nl' ! cinnigyYnhaNUyebIkkll∫iceVksem†csIhnu ! enAevlaem"agmYyresol ́n ́f©TI18mina1970 rdΩsPaExμrVn®bkas Tm¬ak'sem†csIhnuecjBItMENg®bmuxrdΩ enAeBlEdlsem†ckMBugEtsM- Nak'enA‰TI®kugm"UsË ́nGtItshPaBsUevot . CU-eGnLayelIkTwkcit†sem†csIhnunigpS-yuSgdugrdΩmÂnI†®ksYg karbreTsevotNamxageCIg [begItrNsirßmYy EdleKnwg®bkasb- egItnaExemsamYyExe®kaymkeTot . ́f©TI25mina, sem†csIhnuk*begIt rNsirßmYyEdlmaneQμaHfa – «rNsirßrYbrYmCatikmıCa» Edlmanexov- sMpn, hflflU-yn', hflflU-nwm CaGkKS®T≤tlk≈&N edIm∫I®bqSgnwgrdΩaPiVlln' -nl' . enA ́f©25-26emsa, e®kamkarepI†mKMnitrbs'sem†csIhnu nige®kam GFibtIPaBrbs'rdΩmÂnI†TI1cinCU-eGnLay, mankarebIk®bCMumYyeTot edIm∫I begIt «rNsirßrYbrYmCatiTSg3 ́nåbTI√b≤NÎËcin» Edlman®Tg'supanvgß (lav), pS-yuSgdug (evotNamxageCIg), eg√øg-hflflUfU (evotNamxagt∫Ëg) Ca GkcUlrYm®bCMu . ebItamesckI†®bkasrYm ̆ ̆ ̆ TIkEn¬g®bCMuenHsiƒtenAcM®BMEdn ́n®beTsTS gbIKW cin, lav nigevotNam . EtebIeyagtamesckI†sm∏asn__mYyrbs' ®Tg'supanvgß CamYyGkkaEst®sICatib"ULËjmãak', ®Tg'supanvgßVnGH Gagfa kar®bCMuenHVn®b®Bwt†eLIgenATIkEn¬gmYy ́next†kg'tug®sukcin . GgkarCanrNa ? 23 CamYyKãaenH, cineb"kSgcat'ebskCnBiess[eTACYbelakln'-nl' enA‰PMeBjedIm∫IsMucrca . cinsMu[elakln'-nl'Kit ehIysMercnUvkicç sn¥a3x rhUtdl'dMNac'Exemsa . kicçsn¥a3xenaHKW – 1- sMu[rdΩaPiVlelakln'-nl'sMrYlkardwkes∫øg nigGavuF®Kb'y"ag eTA[eyokkugkat'tam®sukExμr edIm∫IvayswkCamYyevotNamxagt∫Ëg. 2- yl'®Bm[yYnxageCIgdak'T&BenA®sukExμr . 3- yl'®BmTTYlsal'brivarcin ehIysuxcit†eFI√eXasna[BYkenH tam®Kb'meF¥aVy . ebIelakln'-nl'TTYlsal'xTSgbIenH eb"kSgnwgTat'ecalsem†c sIhnu ehIyTTYlsal'saFarNrdΩExμrvij . Etelakln'-nl'min®Bm . EsÌkeLIg ́f©TI1åsPa1970 cin®bkasTTYlsal'sem†csIhnu . em"A- esTug®bkasCaåLarwkfa cinsμ&®Kcit†p†l'CMnYyCaTwk®Vk' « tamsem†c ®tUvkar » ®BmTSg®bkasfa dl'eBlNasem†cTTYlC&yCMnHsinswmsg cinvij ̆ ̆ ̆ cinminKitkar®Vk'eT ! . 5 ́f©e®kaymkeTot eKk*VnbegItrdΩaPiVlmYyEdlmaneQμaHfa « rdΩaPiVlb®gYbb®gYmCatikmıCa » Edlmansem†cEb"n-nutCanayk, ecA- esgCardΩmÂnI†TTYlbnÊkkxagebskkmμBiess EdledIrTak'Tg®Kb'breT- s BiessBYkbsçwm®beTs . cinnigyYneyokkugCYysem†csIhnudUecHminTMngTal'EtesaH e®JH xM∆enAcSmat'enAeLIyfa k~gbkßkumμÿynis†≤NÎËcin eKVnEcgc∫ab'y"ag c∫as'las'Nas'fa dMNak'karCadMbUg®tUvkMeTcski†PUmi ̆ ̆ ̆ cuH≤LËvenHeh tudUcem†cVnCabkßkumμÿynis†≤NÎËcinEbrCaKS®Tsem†csIhnu EdlCaski† PUmieTAvij ? . cMENk‰exov-sMpn emExμr®khmEdlmanninãakarExμr ehIyEdlrt' ecal®sukedaysarkarecaT®bkan'rbs'sem†csIhnu faCas®tUvk∫t'Cati enaH EbrCas¬n'es¬aeq¬q¬abbYlKãacuHhtƒelxaKS®Tsem†csIhnuenA ́f©TI26 -3-70 nwgeKEdr . buB√ehtuEdlmanCabÂJças'beN†ay dUcVnGFib∫aymkxagelIenH k*dUcCakarnSsSgCae®cInJn'etan eTAcak'e®sacdut®beTskmıCaEtm†g . e®JHpS-yuSgdugVne®tomx¬Ánrg'cS{kasenHCayUrmkehIy . luH{kas GgkarCanrNa ? 24 lÌmkdl'y"agenH vabJÇa[bUdUybn¬Me®bIyIehaExμr®khm enAelIedIm®TUg Jk'rUbsem†csIhnu®Kb'@Kãa ykelshk'elatkeÂJÇaldUcPMePI¬g vay sMrukkMeTcsm¬ab'Exμrln'-nl' EdlCamças'TwkdIkmıCaBit@ ®BmTSgE®sk Ceyasem†c" ! ( kaleNaHsem†c"rt'ecalkUnExμr eTAeFI√Ca"yYneyokku gCabUdUyvij ) . xM∆xM®sav®CavrkBt·manx¬H@ EdlsI†GMBIkarEdlbUdUyVnecjmuxvay kMeTc®beTsExμrdUcteTA – ‹ kgBlFMelx1 – kgvresnaFMelx101DmanbUdUy2Jn'nak'tSg enAmUldΩanGgrbUrI (ext†taEkv) . ‹ kgBlFMelx5 – kgvresnaFMelx174-05nig 275manbUdUy®VM Jn'nak'tSgmUldΩanenAs~Ál (ext†®kecH) . ‹ kgBlFMelx7 – kgvresnaFMelx141 165nig 209manbUdUy ®VMmYyJn'BIrrynak' tSgmUldΩanenAemmt' (ext†kMBg'cam) . ‹ kgBlFMelx9 – kgvresnaFMelx95C 271nig 272manbUdUy6 Jn'nak' tSgmUldΩanenACb' (ext†kMBg'cam) . ‹ kgT&Belx B3– kgvresnaFMelx24 28 40 65nig 95manbUdUy 1mWun8rynak' tSgmUldΩanenAbrEkv (ext†rtnKIrI) bEnƒmelIGgPaBenH enA GmesnaFikar manbUdUy1mWun2Jn'nak' . cMENk‰®kumdwkCJÇËnPs†Par swkmanbUdUy2mWun3Jn'nak' . ‹ kgBlFMelx509 – tSgmUldΩanenAE®kk-s~Ál (ext†®kecH) y"ag e®cInmindwgcMnYnBit®Vkd . bUkrYmTSgGs'man – 6mWun5Jn'nak' (eday minKitkgBlFMelx509) . skmμPaBbUdUyvaykMeTcExμrln'-nl' ! ́f©TI27-4-1970, bUdUyecjmuxeBjTIvaykMeTcExμrCaelIkTI1 enA eQIexμA ®sukekaHFM (ext†kN†al) . bUdUyrukrancUly"agelOn F¬aymk dl'taexμA rhUtdl'k∫alfl' . enA ́f©TI15mifuna1970, bUdUyecjmuxeBjTIvaykMeTcExμrenAext†kMB- g'FM ̆ ̆ ̆ eyIgemIlBIkV"l'ehaH eXIjc∫as'bUdUyCae®cInmWunk∫al c∫SgTl' GgkarCanrNa ? 25 tYCamYykgT&BCatiExμr . Tl'tYy"agenH bUdUy®tUvs¬ab'KrelIKãaCae®cInJn' k∫al, ecalexμacJseBj ́®BdUecH, bUdUy®tUvbraC&ydkfy . enA ́f©TI24kJÔa1971, bUdUyecjmuxeBjTIvaykMeTcbMp¬ajTMnb'Twk E®Bketãat . enA ́f©TI5åsPa1972, bUdUyecjmuxeBjTIvaykMeTcbMp¬ajsıan®BH munIvgß . BÍ ́f©TI1dl'f©TI12kk ̊da bUdUyecjmuxeBjTIvaykMeTcExμrenA®suk Ggtaesam (ext†taEkv) . k~gExsIha, bUdUyecjmuxeBjTIvaykMeTcExμrenAkMBg'®tEbk . enAyb'f©TI6eTA7tula bUdUyCae®cIJn'k∫alecjmuxeBjTIvaykMeTc bMp¬ajsıane®Caycg√ar . enAyb'f©TI6eTA7tula bUdUyCae®cIJn'k∫alecjmuxeBjTIvaykMeTc bMp¬ajsıane®Caycg√ar . eBlvadkfyeTAvij vaecalexμacenAk~gsmr- PUmi83k∫aql nig®tUvkgT&BCatiExμrcab'Vn7k∫al . enA ́f©TI25 Exkum∏: qS1974 bUdUyCae®cInmWunk∫alecjmuxeBjTI B&TÏ vaykMeTcPUmi®bsUtmancm©ay®bmaN2K ̆m ̆BITI®kugs√ayerog . ‹‹‹ KWvibti†xagelIenHehIy EdlExμrGay"gyYn®kumehg-sMrin, hflflun EsnCaedIm vasnidΩanfa yYnmkCYyExμrCaelIkTI2 . ❑ ❑ ❑ GgkarCanrNa ? 26 CMB UkTI5 ‹ yYnj ̈Hjg'Exμr[®bqSgnwgrdΩaPiVlln'-nl' . ‹ es~øtyYne®bIeQμaHsem†csIhnuedIm∫Ie®CIserIseya- Fa . ‹ shrdΩGaemrikCYyExμrln'-nl'BIrelIk . ‹ eyaFaExμr®khmbMEbkCa3®kum . ‹ evotkugsMuvil®tLb'eTA®sukvij . ‹ yYnhaNUybJÇËnExμrevotmij3Jn'nak' mkkan'®suk Exμr . yYnj ̈Hjg'Exμr[®bqSgnwgrdΩaPiVlln'-nl' yYnhaNUyCaevotkugsal'cMNucexßayraÂs†Exμr EdlCaGkkeKarB ®sLaj'sem†c", vabJÇa[GtitExμrevotmije®bIyIehaExμr®khm edIrbMbH bMeVrraÂs†Exμr ®bqSgtTl'nwgrdΩaPiVlln'-nl' edayvaykelsfa KS ®Tsem†c" . kaleNaHraÂs†ExμrGkE®scMkardac'®syalnigGk®suk ́®B PM x√HkarBicarNa k*sμ&®Kcit†KS®TGtitExμrevotmij, cMENk‰yuvCnk*sμ&®K KS®TBYkenHEdr edaycUleFI√CaeyaFaExμr®khm . cMENkraÂs†ExμrGkecHdwg CaBiessGkrdΩkarEdlecH®tiHriHBicarNa k*yl'fa ®beTsExμrenAeBlenHmane®KaHfãak'mkdl'ehIy k*nS®KYsarrt' ePosx¬ÁncUlkan'TI®kug EdlmanrdΩaPiVlsaFarNrdΩCaGk®Kb'®Kg . bJ ̇araÂs†Exμrrt'cakecjBITIkEn¬gEdlvarMedaHrYcehIy enaHvae®tkGr Nas', va®tUvEtGnuvt†EpnkartwgrwugbEnƒm KWkMcaybEnƒm, åbmadUcCavaerIs ®tI®ss'dak'keJIÇepßg ®tIsÌÿydak'keJIÇmYyepßgeTotCae®sc edIm∫IGnuvt† EpnkarTI2 . GgkarCanrNa ? 27 eBlenaHyYnhaNUye®bIGavuF2y"ag edIm∫Ism¬ab'bMVt'BUCExμrCamças' TwkdIkmıCaBit@ . GavuFkm¬Sg vae®bIsMrab'sm¬ab'Exμrln'-nl' ̆ ̆ ̆ GavuFcit† saÂs† vae®bIsMrab'kMeTcExμrsIhnu . emIlcuH ! cab'tSgBÍ ́f©TI18 mina 1970 pÊHeLIgP¬am, yYnhaNUy begItclaclx¬SgeLIg@ . vae®bIExμrGay"grbs'va[eTAkan'PUmiExμr Edl enAtambeN†ay®BMEdnExμr-yYn edIm∫IjHjg'bMbHbMeVrExμr CMruj[eFI√Vtu kmμKS®Tsem†c"Cajwkjab' . åb∫ti†ehtuenHekIteLIgeBlNa xag®ksY gsni†suxCatiEtgEthamXat' ̆ ̆ ̆ dUecHHk¬ayeTACaekItvivaTrvagBYkVtukrni gGaC∆aFr EdlbN†al[mankarvaytb'tTl'KãarhUtdl'rbYsnigs¬ab'Ca e®cIn . dUcCaenA ́f©TI29 mina 1970 ̆ ̆ ̆ enAext†kMBg'cam, evotkugnigGtitExμr evotmijbbYlExμr≤s¬amnigGk®sukExμrelI ( ́®BPM) mancMnYn4mWunnak' nSKãa cUleTAkan'PUminana j ̈Hjg'bMbHbMeVrraÂs†Exμrs¬Ët®tg' ehIyEhrCak∫Án VtukmμsMedAcUleTAkan'TI®kugkMBg'cam edayykelsfa eTAKS®Tsem†c " . Et®kumVtukrdutdMNak'sem†csIhnu dutsaladMbUg ̆ ̆ ̆. eBlenaHma ntMNagraÂs†BIrnak'sμ&®Kcit†TTYlbnÊkkecjeTACYb®kumVtukr edIm∫IeFI√Gn† raKmn__sMruHsMrYl ̆ ̆ ̆ EtmanXatkrGaf·kMVMgsm¬ab'elaktMNagraÂs†TSg BIrenaHecalP¬ameTA . ®kumVtukrcUlB&TÏsalaext†kMBg'cam E®skkMejIj bg≈Mt®mUv[ekNÎLan edIm∫IdwknS®kumvaeTAkan'rdΩFanIPMeBj . kMejIjVn ehIy k∫ÁnLank*eFI√dMeNIreTAkan'rdΩFanIP¬am . mkdl'PUmiKKI cMeBlbwT cracr . Pãak'garyaml∫atk*hamXat' EtBYkVtukrd*sahavGs'enaHmin ®Bms†ab' CaehtueFI√[P~ak'garyaml∫atVj'rHeTAelIVtukr bN†al[ s¬ab'nigrbYsCae®cIn . eKeXIjexμacs¬ab'enAnwgkEn¬gekItehtucMnYn40 nak' . GkEdl®tUvrbYsF©n'@ k*vil®tLb'eTAext†kMBg'camvij ehIyk*s¬ab' edayrbYsF©n'enaHGs'60nak'eTot . ®kumVtukrk*bMEbkCYr rYcvil®tLb' eTAkan'lMenAerog@x¬Ánvij edaynSTSgKMnMuKMuKYnek†A®khayeTACamYypg ehIysn¥anwgsgswk[bgbÌËn mit†P&ki†Edl®tUv®Kab'kSePI¬grbs'kgT&B Cati ̆ ̆ ̆. eq¬øt{kasenaH GtitExμrevotmijjHHjg'bEnƒm rYcsMrSgCMerIsVnTa- hany"age®cIn EdlduHcit†y"agmutfa ®tUvEtsgswkCMnYs®KYsar nigd- eNI†mGMNacBIln'-nl'ykmkf√aysem†c"vij . GgkarCanrNa ? 28 dUecHsÂgamk~g®beTsExμr EdlpÊHeLIgcab'BIqS1970dl'cugqS19- 73 KWbUdUyeTvaykMeTcExμr ̆ ̆ ̆ b"uEn†mtiExμrnigbreTsCae®cInVnyl'®cLM enAeBlenaHfa ExμrsIhnuvaykMeTcExμrln'-nl' . b"uEn†eTaHCay"agNak* eday BYkbUdUyEdlhflflan « ykVymklabmat'BEB » enAeBlenaH k*e®JHEtmankarE®skGMJvnavrbs'sem†csIhnu tamviT¥ ̈BIeb"kSgmk[ra Âs†Exμre®kakeLIg®bqSgnwgBYk «Gak∫t'EqbMerIGaemrikSg » . k~gqS1970, tamTI®kugnana ́n®beTsExμr manekItclacld*Eb¬k@ KW kUnsisßGnuviT¥al&ynigviT¥al&y bHeVreFI√VtukmμvayGaNikCnCatiyY n . ®Bwti†karN__Eb¬k@TSgenHmindwgecjBI®bPBNaeT . luHmanerOgminTM ngy"agenH GaNikCnCatiyYnEdlmanlTÏPaBnigmeF¥aVy®Kb'®Kan' k* nS®KYsareFI√matuPUminivt†n__eTAkan'®sukyYnvij mancMnYnenAeBlenaH®bma- N10mWunnak' . eq¬øt{kasd*lÌenH evotkugsMrSge®CIserIsyuvCnyYn ekμg@EdleronsU®tecHGkßr ecHPasaExμre®CA®CH VnCae®cInJn'nak' rYc bJÇËnbJçËlsalaeyaFa . luHeronecHcb'yuTÏviFIkll∫icnigmenaKmviCÇa kumμ ̈ynis†e®scVc' ̆ ̆ ̆ vabMJk's&ki†CaGnuesniy®tI (s&ki†1) dl'BYkenaH ehIyk*E®bdak'eQμaHCaExμr rYcbJÇËnvil®tLb'cUlmkkan'®beTsExμrvij cat'EtgtSgCaemkan'k†ab'eyaFaExμr®khmEdl®sLaj'sem†c" KWp¬as' mkCMnYsbUdUyEdlminecHPasaExμr . ®kums&ki†1enHe®tkGrNas' e®JHVnvilmksgswkcMeJHExμr Edl eBlmunmanBYkGaf·kMVMgVnnSeFI√Vtukmμvay®KYsarrbs'vakalBIvaenAekμ- g@ . BIrdΩFanIva"siunetan elak®bFanaFibtIGaemrikSgnicsun Edlminsal' KMnitxUcrbs'yYn VnecjbJÇae®bIkgT&ByYnxagt∫Ëg [cUlmkeFI√®bti- bti†kareVssMGatk~gEdndIExμrCMerA40K ̆m ̆ cab'tSgBÍ ́f©TI30-4-70 dl' ́f©30-6-70 . {kaslÌmkdl'y"agenH yYnxagt∫ËgbJÇËnkgT&Brfe®kaH kSePI¬gFunF©n'cMnYn2mWun®VMJn'nak' cUltamcMBuHTa (ext†s√ayerog) mkrat t∫at®sukExμr, vaykMeTcsm¬ab'Exμrs¬Ët®tg' edIm∫Inwgsgswk[CnCativa Edl®tUvrge®KaHedaysarVtukmμrbs'nisßitExμrenaH . TMhMnkarsgswk enHmankMrwtelIsBIVtukmμcMnYn100dg . emIlcuH! vaVj'sm¬ab'raÂs†Exμrs¬Ët®tg'EdlmanTIlMenAtambeN†ay ®BMEdnExμr-yYny"agecjmux y"ag®sbc∫ab' . ®bmUl®TB¥sm∫ti†®Kb'Eb GgkarCanrNa ? 29 by"ag b¬n'dwkCJÇËntamLan tamåTÏm∏aKc®k®bkbedayeCaKC&y ̆ ̆ ̆ rYcva dutbMp¬ajpÊHExμrexÊc .l. dUecHbg ̇aj[eXIjfa yYnNak*dUcCayYnNa KWCas®tUvsYrBUCrbs' ExμreyIgCanicç . BIrdΩFanIva"siunetan elak®bFanaFibtInicsun®bkasCaåLarwk faCYy saFarNrdΩExμrm†geTot . dUecHcab'bÍ ́f©7-3-73 dl'f©15-8-73 Gaem rikSgk*dwk®Kab'Ebkmksab®BYselI®beTskmıCacMnYn4mWunetank~gmYyEx @ k~geKalbMNgCYybJçb'sÂgam[Vnqab' . b"uEn†pÊÿyeTAvij dUcvayTwkbegIÌl®tI KWVn®beyaCn__eTAevotkugTSgGs' e®JHbUdUymankarBiesaFn__y"aghμt'ct' vaGaceKccakpute®KaHfãak'Vny"a ggay . emIlcuH ! GaemrikSgCYyExμrBIrelIk ̆ ̆ ̆ raÂs†Exμr®tUvrge®KaHs¬ab'Gs'cMnY n ́m∏mWun (200,000) nak' . rI‰raÂs†ExμrCae®cInEsnnak'eTotEdlenAsl'BIs¬ab' k*x√HTICMrk x√HTI BMnwg . ebIrt'cUleTAkan'TI®kug c∫as'Cadac'eJHs¬ab', e®JHKμanluykak', KμanGI√nwgbriePaK, TMnijeLIg ́f¬hYskMrwt ̆ ̆ ̆ Guj ̆ ̆ ̆ ebIedIrdl'®ckT&ly"agenH etIrt'eTA®Ck‰NaeTA ? . dUecHra Âs†ExμrTSgLayenaH ®tUvEtbg≈Mcit†pßge®Bgrt'cUl ́®B Bwgevotkug BwgGtit Exμrevotmij . eBlenaHevotkug®sg'yk®beyaCn__ ®bkbedayeCaKC&yd* FMeFg . evotkugnigExμrGay"gyYnte®mobCYrKãaQrcSTTYlraÂs†ExμrGP&B√ TSgLayenaH edayTwkmuxjjwmsb∫ayrIkray . evotkugVn ́dk*eq¬øt j ̈Hjg'bEnƒmeFI√[raÂs†ExμrTSgGs'enaHyl'®cLM®BmTSgmanTIGag k*tSg duHcit†Cas®tUvcMeJHCatirbs'x¬Án . ®tUvEtsgswkcMeJHsaFarNrdΩ ®tUv EtkMeTcsaFarNrdΩ deNI†mGMNacmkf√aysem†c"vij . eBlenaHyuvCnExμrk*sμ&®Kcit†cUlbMerIva KWcUlCaeyaFay"age®cInelI- slb' . ❑ GgkarCanrNa ? 30 evotkugcat'bMEbkeyaFaCabI®kum ®kumTI1 – kumartUc@GayuBI9eTA13qS dak'eQμaHCa®kum®tIkJçH Edl manemkan'k†ab' KWGtitecar ́®B...mnusßyg'Xgx√HsIlFm· . ®kumTI2 – yuvCneBjv&y s&μ®Kcit†kMeTcExμrln'-nl' deNI†mGMNac mkf√aysem†c" mancMnYnCagbYnmWunnak' . ®kumTI3 – yuvCnEdlEf¬gkarN__esμaH®tg'®Vb'evotkug fax¬Ánsμ&®Kcit† kMeTcski†PUminigc®kBti† . ®kumenHmindwgcMnYneT . evotkugdwknSeTAkan'TI Gaf·kMVMg . enAcugqS1973 ̆ ̆ ̆ KMeragkarTI1rbs'vaVnsMerceCaKC&yd*FMeFg e®JH eyaFa®kumTI2Gacbn†sÂgamkMeTcExμrln-nl'CMnYsvaVnehIy . evotku geFI√ButsMulaeyaFad*kMst'enaH vil®tLb'eTA®sukvavij . eBllaKãaenaH bUdUy{beyaFaExμr®khm yMs®sak'Ef¬gsMdIEpÌmlÌËkfa – ≤LËvenHmit†@ rwg ́drwgeCIg manmeF¥aVy®Kb'®Kan' GacTb'Tl'cMeJHs®tUvedayx¬Án‰g VnehIy ̆ ̆ ̆ mit†BMucSVc'BwgEpÌkBYkxM∆eToteT ̆ ̆ ̆ BYkxM∆lasinehIy edIm∫Ieco sevogkMu[Exμrveg√g ecaTBYkxM∆facUlmkQ¬anJn . ebImit†®tUvkarGavuF BYk xM∆nwgp†l'CUn ̆ ̆ ̆ ebIeTAGnaKtmit†®tUvkarBYkxM∆ BYkxM∆nwgcUlmkCYyP¬am . eBlenaHeyaFaExμr®khmk*yM, bUdUyk*yM, {bKãasMlaKãa . ExμrnigyYn yMecjTwkEPkdUcKãa b"uEn†mann&yxusKãa®sLH . eyaFaExμr®khmyMedays†ayEbkecjBImit†d*manKuN EdlxMcMNa yeBlCYybg ̇at'ce®gonyuTÏviFI ®BmTSgp†l'GavuF[®kumx¬Ány"ag®Kb'®Kan' rYcvil®tLb'eTA®sukvij ́dTeT .l. cMENkevotkug, CaBiessbUdUy, vayMe®JHvae®tkGrCa ́®kElg nUvm- haeCaKC&y ́nKMeragkarTI2 EdlyYnhaNUyGt'Fμt'B¥ayamj ̈Hjg'Bn¥ l'Exμr [yl'®cLMEbkVk'Kãa k~gry:10qSeTIbVnsMercCasƒaBrenAeBl enH . dUecHvarujk∫al[sm¬ab'KãasincuH . muneBlevotkugbJÇa[bUdUyEb kecjBIeyaFaExμr®khm, haNUydwkCJÇËnExμrEk¬gk¬aymYy®kum Cae®cIn Jn'nak' [cUlmkkan'k†ab'eyaFaExμr®khmCMnYsva rYcrYbrYmeFI√karCamYy GtitExμrevotmijbn†sÂgamteTAeTot ̆ ̆ ̆. « ®kumExμrEk¬gk¬ayenH KW®kumyuvCnGNikCnCatiyYn EdlVneron GgkarCanrNa ? 31 sU®tecHe®CA®CH TSgPasaTSgGkßrExμr EdleFI√matuPUminivt†n__BIqS1970- 1971 eTAkan'evotNam EdlVnduHKMnity"agmS ®tUvEtvil®tLb'cUlmk ®beTskmıCavij edIm∫IsgswkcMeJHExμr . yuvCnyYnTSgLayenaH dak' eQμaHx¬ÁnCaExμr Prfax¬ÁnCaCatiExμr » . ( kkn – rhUtmkTl'bcçb∫n BYkenHVnk¬ayx¬ÁnCaemdwknSsMxan'@enAk~g CYrraCrdΩaPiVlcMruH ...k*nigCYrkgT&BCatiExμr . BYkeKbg[manGMeBIclacl GMeBIBukrlYy nigKμanvin&yGI√TSgGs' . hflflun-Esnminhflflanb"HJl'BYkTSg Gs'enHeT sUm∫IEterameCIgk*minhflflanpg . ebIBYkenHp†l'eyabl'GI√ hflflun- eFI√P¬am dUckUn®bedAtamEbbbT . BYkenHmanGayucen¬aHBI40eTA50qS ) . eBlCamYyKãaenH ̆ ̆ ̆ yYnhaNUyVnbJÇËn®kumExμrevotmij EdlyYn haNUyCaevotmije®CIserIs nSykeTAeronenAeb"kSgnigenAhaNUy tS gBImunqS1954 cMnYn3Jn'nak' [nivt†cUlkmıCavij bn†sÂgamCamYysa- FarNrdΩExμr ̆ ̆ ̆ KW[mkeFI√sÂgamCMnYsevotkug . cMENkevotkugvij vafy eTAsMrak®ct'cegHQremIlExμrsm¬ab'ExμrKãa‰gy"agvk'vI . pÊÿyeTAvij ̆ ̆ ̆ ®kumExμrenHminEdlmancit†KMnMucMeJHExμr EbrCamansti- sm∫CJÔ:mute®CAeshaCatieTAvij . ®kumenHeronsU®tpÊal'CamYycin pÊa- l'CamYyyYnhaNUy ̆ ̆ ̆ k*dwgKMeragkarrbs'cin-yYn sm¬ab'bMputBUCExμr edIm∫IvatTIykTwkdIkmıCabJçËleTAk~grbbkumμÿynis† . dUecH®kumExμreTIb mkdl' k*®bqSgnUvKMeragkard*sahavenH . ®kumenHniyaytva"edaysm ehtusmplfa Exμr®tUvcrcarvagExμrnigExμredIm∫IbJçb'sÂgam, edIm∫IbJŒb' karbg ̇ËrQam . ®kumenHbJÇak'fa bJ ̇aExμr®tUvTuk[ExμredaH®say vagExμr nigExμr .l. k~gqS1973 ̆ ̆ ̆ KMeragkarnigkll∫icEdlevotkug®btibti†karenAk~g ́pÊ ®sukExμr VncMerInlUtlas'elIslb'BIkare®KagTukeTAeTot . dUecHva®tUv EtEkT®mg'x¬H@ ̆ ̆ ̆ åTahrN__dUcCaKMnithU-CImij vaxMe®CIserIsyuvCnExμr TSgExμrkmıCae®kam TSgExμrkmıCakN†al edIm∫IbJÇËneTAeronenAeb"kSg ... enAhaNUy cab'tSgBIqS1948 nigbJÇËnCabn†@ edIm∫IGb'rMlagxYrk∫al bJçËlmenaKmviCÇarbs'va rYcEk ́q~®bDit[eTACaExμrfIμ mças'TwkdIkmıCafIμ . enAqS1973 ̆ ̆ ̆ yYnhaNUyVnTTYllTÏpld*Kab'®besIr cMeJHsƒa nkarN__®btibti†kar ́pÊk~g®sukExμr . dUecHvaQb'®tUvkarExμrCMnan'hU-CImij eTotehIy . vap¬as'b†ËrEkT®mg'P¬am KW®tUvsm¬ab'ExμrFunenHecalvij . GgkarCanrNa ? 32 KiteXIjdUecHehIy ̆ ̆ ̆ vaecjbJÇak~gnamGgkar edaye®bImit†sU-Pwm CaemdwknS®kumXatkrGaf·kMVMg edIrB&TÏcab' Vj'sm¬ab' ®kumExμrEdleK bJÇËnmkBIeb"kSgnigmkBIhaNUy ®tUvs¬ab'Gs'CitbIJn'nak' « dUck~g ®kbx&NÎsmaCikbkß®bCaCnbdivt†n__Exμr KWExμrevotmijenAkmıCakN†al k~gqS1954, yYnevotmije®CIserIsnSykeTACagmYy1Jn'nak' ̆ ̆ ̆ ≤LËvenH enAsl'Et55nak'b"ueNâaH » . yYnhaNUyGnuvt†Vn®twm®tUvnUvJk¥mYy X¬afa – « karsm¬ab'Gk≤teTas ®besIrCagkarTukCIvit[s®tUv » . vabJÇa[yYneronPasaExμr GkßrExμr rYcEk¬gx¬Ánbn¬MeFI√CaExμr eFI√Camças' TwkdIkmıCafIμ®besIrCag . CaBiess bUdUy®tUveronsU®tPasaExμr GkßrExμr Cadac'xat ̆ ̆ ̆ e®JHfaebIbUdUyNaF¬ak'elx ®tUvenAk~g®sukExμrrhUt ®tUvbn¬M eFI√CaExμrrhUt . yYnevotkugsMulaExμr®khmelIkenH minEmnedIrecjecal®sukExμr dUcCayYnevotmijsMulaes†csIhnukalBIq~S1954enaHeT ̆ ̆ ̆ KWva®Kan'Et fyeTABYnlak'x¬ÁntambeN†ay®BMEdnExμr-yYn-lav rYcecjbJÇaBIcm©ay bg≈M[GtitExμrevotmij dwknSeyaFaExμr®khmEdl®sLaj'sem†c" cUl kMeTcsaFarNrdΩExμrCMnYsva . cMENkBYkva vasMrak ̆ ̆ ̆ b"uEn†e®tomx¬ÁnCanicç Kμan®bEhs . tSgBIeBlenaHmk manEt®kumExμrevotmijeTEdlGaceTA CYb lut®kab edIm∫ITTYlbJÇaBIevotkugpÊal' . dUecH, enAeBlNava®tUveLI geTATTYlbJÇaBIemva vaEtgEtPreyaFaExμr®khmfa « ®kumva®tUveTAeronsU ®tenAGgkarelI » . sUmbJÇak'fa – « Jk¥Ggkar » cab'kMeNIttSgBIeBlenaHmkehIy KW cab'BIExsIhaqS1973 ! . KYr[GaeNacGFm·dl'eyaFaExμr®khm Edl®sLaj'sem†c"cMnYn bYnmWunnak'enaHNas' edayBMuVndwgx¬Ánfa ®kumx¬ÁnkMBugF¬ak'cUlk~gGnÊak' yYnevotkugTal'EtesaH . eBlæfa BYkembJÇakarrbs'x¬ÁneTAeronsU®t enAGgkarelI EbrCae®tkGrNas' e®JH®Kb'@Kãayl'®cLMy"agF©n'CagF©n' edaynwksμanEteTACYbsem†c" eTACYbexov-sMpn, hflflU-nwm, hflflU-yn' .l. e®JHeyaFaTSgbYnmWunnak' PaKe®cInCaGkE®scMkar Gk®suk ́®BPM Ca Gkl©g'ex¬A minyl'sƒankarN__ KμankarBiesaFn__nigkarBicarNa, eCOEt tamJk¥jHHjg'rbs'yYnevotkug . dUcmanCaåTahrN__mYy, yayeTog VnCYbyuvCnmãak'eQμaHra" . enA ́f©TI23-1-93 evlaem"ag1resol yuvCn GgkarCanrNa ? 33 ra"Vnra"yra"b'®Vb'yayeTognUvkll∫icevotkugdUcteTA – kalBIExmifuna1970, eXIjevotkugcUlmkkan'PUmieJFivgß enAext† s√ayerogEdlkumarra"Vnrs'enABItUc . vaedIrGugGat'JseBjPUmi, luHevo tkugfyecjput ®sab'EtkV"l'ehaHyYnxagt∫ËgehaHmkTm¬ak'®Kab'Ebk Vj'rHbMp¬ajexÊcxIÊPUmienaHeTA . kV"l'ehaHecjput evotkugk*cUlmkvij rYcva®bmUl®bCaCnExμrTSgGs'[eTAenAkEn¬gmYyEdlvarMedaHVnrYcehIy vaerobcMVyTwk[Cnrge®KaHbriePaKy"agbribUN· ̆ ̆ ̆ b"uEn†minyUrb"unμaneT ®sab'Etman®kumGaf·kMVMgcUlmkB&TÏVj'sm¬ab'y"agsahav . vasm¬ab' Etmnusßcas'@ EtvaTukCIvit[yuvCnnigekμgtUc@ . luH®kumenHecjput EbrCaeXIjevotkugdEdlvil®tLb'mkvij . va®bmUlyuvCnnigkumar nS eTAbg ̇at'yuTÏviFI rYcbJçËlk~gkgeyaFaExμr®khm . eBlenaHkumarra"eTIbV nGayu9qS ®tUvVnevotkugekNÎ[eTAeFI√eyaFaCamYynwgeKEdr . evotkug bJçËleTAk~gkg®tIkJçH vabMEbkekμg@Ca®kum@ manKãa15nak'k~gmYy®kum @ varuj[edIrmuxT&B . ́f©mYyenAk~gqS1972 ®kumrbs'ra"®tUvs¬ab'Gs'14nak' sl'Etra"mãak' ‰gKt' . ra"tk's¬ttCax¬Sg eTIbdac'cit†pßge®Bgrt'eKcecjTal'EtVnenA rs'rhUtTal'sB√f©enH . ra"bJÇak'eTotfa – evotkugjHHjg'Bn¥l'fa sÂgamenHbN†almkBI elakln'-nl'nigGaemrikSgdeNI†mGMNacBIsem†c" .l. edaysarmU- lehtuenH VnCaeyaFaExμr®khmTSgenaHduHKMnity"agmute®CA fa®tUvEtkM eTcExμrln'-nl', kMeTcc®kBti†GaemrikSg, rMedaHEdndIykmkf√aysem†c" vijEtb"ueNâaH . tSgBIbUdUydkfyeTAlak'x¬Ány"agenHmk, yYnevotkugcat'EcgEtgtS gKN:kmμkarBiess lblYccUlmkkan'®sukExμrBinit¥sƒankarN__swk ̆ ̆ ̆ dUecHebIraÂs†Exμrs¬Ët®tg'NaP&n†®cLM edIreTAeXIjvaeday ́cdn¥ Ggkar bJÇa[cab'raÂs†Exμrd*GP&B√enaH edayecaTfaedIrxusExße®tom . vavayeFI√ TaruNkmμy"agsahav rYcehIysm¬ab'ecaledIm∫IbMVt'Ps†tag . ®bCaCn Exμrrge®KaHedaysarGgkarbJÇa[sm¬ab'tamrebobenHy"age®cIn .l. ❑ ❑ ❑ GgkarCanrNa ? 34 CMB UkTI6 ‹ ®btikmμelaksWg-g"ukfaj'e®kay®Biti†karN__18mina ! ‹ elakln'-nl'cat'tSgelaksWg-g"ukfaj' Canayk- rdΩmÂnI† ! ‹ ®bvti†seg≈brbs'elaksWg-g"ukfaj' ! ®btikmμelaksWg-g"ukfaj'e®kay®Biti†karN__18mina70 elaksWg-g"ukfaj'CaGkbegItclnaExμresrI . dMNak'kalCadMbUg ́nclnaExμresrI KWkarJr®bCaCnExμrPaKticEdlrs'enArV"t'rV"y≤tTIBw gdUcCaExμrkmıCae®kamCaedIm . k~gqS1970 clnaExμresrImankgT&BcM- nYn3mWunnak' . e®kay®Bwti†karN__f©18mina70, elaksWn-g"ukfaj'TTYl Bt·mand*c∫as'karN__fa ®beTsExμrekItsÂgam KWbUdUyCae®cInmWunnak'e®bI yIehaExμr®khm enAelIedIm®TUgJk'rUbes†csIhnuE®skCeyasem†c" rYc elatvaykMeTcsm¬ab'Exμrln'-nl'EdlCamças'TwkdIBit@ . ®sab'EtenA ́f©27-4-70, elaksWn-g"ukfaj'TTYlBt·manc∫as'kar- N__mkeTotfa bUdUyecjmuxeBjTIvaykMeTcsm¬ab'Exμr . enAeQIexμAext† kN†al bUdUyrukrancUly"agelOnF¬aymkdl'taexμArhUtdl'k∫alfll' .l. dUecHelaksWn-g"ukfaj'sMercCabnÊan'®tUvEtbJÇËnkgT&BExμr edIm∫ICY ykarJrTwkdI . bJÇËnelIkTImYyenA ́f©TI30-4-70 . bnÊab'mkelakTTY lBt·manmkfa enA ́f©TI15-6-70 bUdUyCae®cInmWunk∫alecjmuxvaykMeTc sm¬ab'ExμrenAext†kMBg'FM . eBlenaHc∫SgTl'tYnwgkgT&BCatiExμr . dUecH elaksWn-g"ukfaj'bJÇËnkgT&BExμredIm∫ICYykarJrTwkdIm†geTot . bJÇËn elIkTI2enA ́f©TI30-6-70 . bnÊab'mkeTot, elaktamdanseg ̊tdwgc∫as'fasÂgamk~g®sukExμrKW yYnCaevotkugvaykMeTcsm¬ab'ExμrsahavCagsahav elakQb'raErk GgkarCanrNa ? 35 elaksMerceFI√Blikmμlb'clnaExμresrI rYcelak®bmUlkgT&BExμresrITS gGs'bJÇËncUlkan'®sukExμrCaelIkTI3enA ́f©TI9-9-70 ®bKl'CUnelak ln'-nl' rYcsMercdak'eQμaHfa « Em"kh√&k » ( MIKE FORCE ). ebIeyIge®bobeFobelaksWn-g"ukfaj'nigelakln'-nl'elakTSgBIr enHmanÚkJr®bhak'®bEhlKãa . elaksWn-g"ukfaj'Camnusßhwghr mi necHxwg®ceLat elakniyayticb"uEn†mann&yTUlMTUlay elakmincMNa yeBlelgesIc elakminEdl®b®Bwt†GI√[xUc®beyaCn__CatieLIy . k~g mYyCIvitrbs'elak elakeFI√BlikmμlHbg'kicçkarpÊal'x¬ÁnedIm∫ICatiCanicç . ®beTskmıCaeyIgCMnan'enaH manelaksWn-g"ukfaj'xMkarJrksagCa tiBIVt ́dTeTenAe®kA®beTs . elakTSgBIrnak'CavIrCnExμr manstism∫ CÇJÔ:eshaCatiBit@ . elakTSgBIrnak'KμanKMnitrevIrvaycg'dwknS®beTs CatinigraÂs†Exμr[cuHj"meFI√CaxM∆kJÇHbreTsNamYyeT ! . KYr[s†ayNas' ®Bwti†karN__f©TI18mina70ekIteLIgyWteBlNas' eTAehIy, e®JHeBlenaHbUdUykan'kab'TwkdIExμrGs'cMnYn2PaK3eTAehIy . åTahrN__dUcCaeyIgrg'cSTwkCMnn' eLIglicdMbUlpÊHeTAehIyeTIbnSKãa®b ev®bvarkTICMrk k*k¬aydl'nUvesckI†vinashinehacdl'TIsgÙwmEtm†g . enAExmina1972, elakesna®bmuxln'-nl'cat'EtgtSgelaksWn-g"u kfaj'CanaykrdΩmÂnI† . enAExkJÔa1970 elaksWn-g"ukfaj'manebIkGg®bCMumYyenATI®kugeJ Fisat' elakxMBn¥l'raÂs†ExμreGayyl'nUvsÂgam EdlkMBugekIteLIgy"a gsIusac'hutQamKãay"agenH KWeyIgc∫SgCamYyGaTmiLEdlCayYnevot kug mUlehtuenHeTIbelaksMerclb'clnaExμresrI rYcelak®bmUlkgT&B ExμresrITSgGs'nSykmk®bKl' CUnelakesna®bmuxln'-nl'edIm∫Ikar JrTwkdIExμrvij . eBlenaHmansaÂs†acar¥mãak' k~gnamraÂs†Exμrext†eJFisat' e®kakeLI gsMusYrelaksWn-g"ukfaj'fa ehtudUcem†cVnCaelakminQreQμaHCaeb k≈Cn®bFanaFibtI ? elaksWn-g"ukfaj'jjwm®BmTSgeqI¬yBn¥l'EvkEjkfa – Gkesha CatiminEmnmanEtelak®bFanaFibtIeT ! GkkarJrksagCatik*minEmnman Et®bFanaFibtIEdr ! KW®tUvmaneyIgral'KãarYbrYmsamKIy"agesμaH®tg'Gs'BI dYgcit† CYyelakeTIbGackarTwkdICatisasnaVnKg'vg' ̆ ̆ ̆ « dUcmanJk¥ GgkarCanrNa ? 36 bUraNmYyEdlVnEcgfa Gkmanrkßaxßt' dUcsMBt'B&TÏBIe®kA Gk®VC∆rkßa ex¬A dUcsMeBAnUvsMV"n ̆ ̆ ̆ » . elaksWn-g"ukfaj'bJÇak'bEnƒmfa – x¬Ánrbs'elaknigelakesna®b muxln'-nl'dUcmnusßEtmãak' . elakesna®bmuxhflflaneFI√Blikmμ®Kb'Ebb y"ag edIm∫IkarJrTwkdI Cati sasnaenAk~g®beTs ̆ ̆ ̆ cMENkelak@sμ&®K cit†bMerIenAe®kA®beTs . enAqS1972, yUnhaNUybJÇabUdUy[vaykMeTc bMp¬aj®sukExμredayykels facUlmkCYysem†csIhnu . dUecHelak ®tUvEteFI√Blikmμ®Kb'Ebby"ag edIm∫ICYyelakesna®bmuxln'-nl' karJr Cati TwkdI nigsasna . luHelaksWg-g"ukfaj'Ef¬gcb'nUvJk¥eBcn__d*manx¬wmsarenHehIy ®b CaraÂs†ExμrTH ́dækgrMBg sresIrmindac'BImat' ekr†i__eQμaHrbs'elakæl∫I suHsay j ̈Sg[namWunBukrlYyEdlGg ̈ycSEtertamx¥l'enACMuvijelak esna®bmux Tas'cit† manesckI†Vrm∏ nig®cENnQãanis . BYkenHk*begItXatkrGaf·kMVMgmYy®kum[tamsm¬ab'elak . ́f©mYy ®kumXatkrlbBYnEk∫rvSgxagekItvalemru lYcVj'sm¬ab'elak Et®Kab' kSePI¬gk*®ClYseTA®tUvGgrkßrbs'elaks¬ab'P¬amenAnwgkEn¬g . luHelak ®tLb'mkkan'TIlMenArbs'elakvij yb'enaHelakGg ̈ybJŒrCgg' yk ́d®TcgåaTl'P¬W . elak®s ́meXIjeLIgvijnUvGnusßavrIy__TSgGs' Edl elakxMeFI√BlikmμedIm∫IkmıCa‰kraC¥ dUckalBIqS1943 elakmanesckI†k¬a handwknS®BHsgÙnigraÂs†Exμr eFI√VtukmμedjVrSg CaehtueFI√[VrSgrk cab'x¬Ánelak elakk*rt'eKceTA®CksMNak'enA‰®beTsCb"un . enA ́f©TI9-5-1945 elakVnvil®tLb'mkkan'®beTskmıCavij . ́f© TI6-10-1945 es†csIhnuyl'®Bm[VrSgcab'x¬Ánelak eTAkan'ext†B&r eT¥r__n®beTsVrSg Gs'ry:eBl6qS . enA ́f©TI20-10-1951 VrSg®b Kl'esrIPaB[elak elakk*vil®tLb'cUlmkkan'®beTskmıCam†geTot . mkdl'matuPUmiP¬am elakbegItsarBt·manmYyeQμaH « Exμre®kak » edIm∫I das'etOnraÂs†Exμr[e®kakeLIgrYbrYmcgVc'KãaedjVrSg . e®kayenaHmk bni†c ®kumraCvSgXubXitCamYyVrSgbwTkaEstenaH rYceKbMrugcab'x¬Ánela km†geTot . elakdwgx¬ÁnTan'k*rt'ePosx¬ÁneTAkan'PMdgErk enA ́f©TI9-3- 1952 cUlrYbrYmCamYy®kumExμr≤sßr:edIm∫IvaykMeTcedjVrSgTamTar kmıCa‰kraC¥ . GgkarCanrNa ? 37 ®beTskmıCaVn‰kraC¥bribUN·enA ́f©TI9-11-1954 elaksWg-g"uk faj'erobcMx¬ÁncUlmkrYbrYmk~gsgmCatiEdr b"uEn†es†csIhnueCOGamIuGaefa gCMTas'minTTYl . elakjjwmedIrcakecjBIkmıCa Tuk[Gs'elak . elakmanvicarN- JÔaNKitdl'GnaKt ́n®bCaCnExμrPaKtic Edlrs'enArV"t'rV"yk~g®b- eTsesom nigmYyPaKFMenAkmıCae®kam‰eNaH dUckUnkM®J . dUecHkal eNaH CYnkalelaksMNak'enAkmıCae®kam edIm∫IrkmeF¥aVyCYykarJr ®bCaCnExμrkM®JGs'TSgenaH . luHdl'qS1958 eTIbelakcab'epI†mbegItclnaExμresrI BIVt ́dTeT KμanGI√CaFnFanTal'EtesaH . elakmanesckI†k¬ahaneFI√Blikmμ®Kab'Ebb y"ag sMGageTAelIesckI†es~haCatid*mutEdlecjBIebHdUgd*esμaH®tg' Bit®Vkdrbs'elakCaKMrUEtb"ueNâaH . CadMbUgmanKãaEt140nak' ̆ ̆ ̆ bn†@mkelakbegItVnkgT&BExμresrIenA ®beTs ́fVnCae®cInrynak' ̆ ̆ ̆ luHe®kaymkelakyl'fa sƒankarN__rva g ́fnigExμr KμanGI√KYr[®BYyVrm∏eT elakk*ecjbJÇa[emkgT&BExμresrI enA®beTs ́fnSkgT&BTSgGs' sMucuHcUlraCkarPMeBjcuH . cMENkelak elakxM®bwgB®gwgB®gIkkgT&BExμresrIsiƒtenAkmıCae®kam [Vnrwgbwugnig s√its√aj . kaleNaH eTaHes†csIhnuE®skeCr®beTctamviT¥ ̈ecaTfa k∫t'y"agNa k*elaksWg-g"ukfaj'minEdleqI¬ytbTal'EtesaH . enAeBlNaEdlGkkaEstsYrelak elakeqI¬yfa – GkeshaCati mincSVc'GYtGageT ̆ ̆ ̆ eyIgxMEteFI√kar[esμaH®tg'cMeJHCati muxCaEPk ́n ®bCaCnExμrsm¬wgeXIj ̆ ̆ ̆ eKGacyl', eKnwgKS®T, eKnwgeqI¬yCMnYseyIg Caminxan . elaksWg-g"ukfaj'nwkerOgGtitkaldl'®twmeNH elakk*®KvIk∫aldM GUjfa «{bgbÌËnExμreGIy ! dMNak'kary"agenHeTAehIy critenAdEdl! » . emIlcuHelIkTI1 elakxMtsflflU®Kb'Ebby"ag luH®taEtkmıCaVn‰kraC¥ d*bribUN· . edaysarEtcrit®cENnninÊaQãanisKãa eTIbelak®tUvcakec- jecal®beTskmıCa rhUtdl'elakbegItVnclnaExμresrI . ≤LËvenH®beTsExμrkMBug®tUvrge®KaHy"agF©n'®kElg e®JHKUbdibk≈Ed l®tUvvaykMeTc®beTsExμr KWyYnhaNUyEdlrg'cS{kasenHyUrehIy edIm∫Ie®bIyIehaExμr®khm edayykelsfa mkCYyes†csIhnu . GgkarCanrNa ? 38 {eTvtaeGIy ! eFI√y"agdUcem†ceTA ? EtedIm∫ICIvitrbs'elak elak®tUv EtcakecjBI®beTskmıCam†geTotCadac'xat . ®BwkEsÌkelaksWg-g"ukfaj'k*cUleTACYbelakesna®bmuxln'-nl' sMulaQb'ecjBImuxdMENgnaykrdΩmÂnI†TI1 . elakbnßl'kgT&BExμres rITSgGs'cMnYn3mWunnak' EdlelakxMtsflflUxMbegIty"aglMVk Tuk[enACYy ®beTsExμr . elaksMup†SnigBn¥l'elakesna®bmuxfa – « kgT&BExμresrI manstism∫CÇJÔ:es~haCatiBit@ KWtSgBIkekIteLIgsμ&®Kcit†bMerICatimin EdlTamTar®Vk'Ex minBukrlYyeT mansamKIy"agrmYt . ®kumenHdUcst√ x¬a b"uEn†minEdlsal'...sIusac'eT ! ®tUv®by&tkMubgab'[x¬aenHsIusac' ! . CaBiesselakFM@CaembJÇakar ®tUvmanyuti†Fm· ®tUvsal't ́m¬®kumenH . e®JH®kumenHmanÚkJeqIμg minecHlut®kab minecHEGbGb minecHbeJIçc beJIçeT b"uEn†EpkvayswkmankarBiesaFn__y"ag®Kb'®Kan' sÊat'CMnaj rwgbwu g®BmTSgsal'c∫as'las'nUvkll∫icxμSg KWbUdUy . ®kumenHecHbMeBj krNIkicçnigPar:kicçy"ageBjelj dwgc∫as'fax¬ÁnCaTahan ®tUvEtkMeTc xμSgedIm∫IkarJrCati TwkdI nigsasna . CasrubesckI†eTA ebIembJÇakarecHdwg eKGacnwgTTYlpld*Kab'®b- esIrVn » . elaksWg-g"ukfaj'p†SepI∆sB√®Kb'rYcehIy elakk*{belakesna®bmu- xln'-nl' sMulaeTAkan'®beTsevotNamxagt∫Ëg KWkmıCae®kam . elak cakecjBI®beTskmıCa cakecjBIelakesna®bmuxln'-nl' cakecjBI kgT&BExμresrIrbs'elakcMnYn3mWunnak' eTAEtVt ́dTeTCamYyGgrkßrb- s'elakeQμaHfac'-eTOg enAExtulaqS1972 . ❑ ❑ ❑ GgkarCanrNa ? 39 CMB UkTI7 ‹ ®btikmμBI®bCaBlrdΩExμre®kay®Bwti†karN__18mina70 ! ‹ raCkarExμrmineGIeBInwgCIvPaBraÂs† ! ‹ GMeBIBukrlYyEpkkgT&B ! ‹ karsm¬ab'elakfac'-Ca ! ‹ elaksuTÏ-b"Ulin®tUvrt'ecal®suk ! ®btikmμBI®bCaBlrdΩExμre®kay®Bwti†karN__18mina70! enA ́f©TI18-3-1970 evlaem"ag1resol ®bCaBlrdΩExμr®Kb'Can'fãak' ®Kb'vN: mankarP∆ak'rMePIbjab'j&rmYyEP¬t e®JHminsμanTal'EtesaHfa ®beTsExμrEbreTACaman®Bwti†karN__Tm¬ak'sem†csIhnu BItMENg®bmuxrdΩ y"agenH . b"uEn†raÂs†ExμrcUlcit†rs'enAedays©b'es©øm minecHk∫t' ...riHKn'elakFM @ EdlCaemdwknS®beTsCatieT . em@dwknScg'eFI√GI√k*eFI√eTAcuH e®JH®bCa raÂs†ExμrPaKe®cInminykcit†Tukdak'xagEpkneyaVyeLIy . ra®s†nigna mWunminsUvmankarTak'TgCitditrvagKãanigKãaeT . emIlcuH ! ®KYsarNamankUnBI10eTA14nak'k*eday ̆ ̆ ̆ ciJçwmx¬Án‰gcuH ! raCkarKμaneGIeBInwknaåbtƒm∏GI√eT . ®KYsarNacg'[kUneron nSeTAcuH ̆ ̆ ̆ ®KY- sarNanSkUneTAsIuQ~Ál ...nSeTAlk'[eFI√xM∆kJÇHeK k*nSeTAcuH . ebIkUnQW ®KYsarG~kman®TB¥nSkUneTArkeBT¥Q~Áledayx¬Án‰g cMENk‰®KY- sarGk®kxßt' ciJçwmkUnrs'edaypßge®BgsMNagTSgGs', raCkarKμaneGI eBIeLIy . dUecHraÂs†ExμrEdlsucrit KitEtBI®bkbrbrksikmμ KWkab'Kas' dSduH edIm∫IrkePaKplmkciJçwm®KYsartamykfakmμEtb"ueNâaH . mUlehtuenH eBlraÂs†ExμrTTYldMNwgfaelakln'-nl'Tm¬ak'sem†c sIhnu ®bCaBlrdΩExμrTUTSg®beTs Edlrs'enAk~gtMbn'saFarNrdΩ man GgkarCanrNa ? 40 karesaks†aysem†cEtmYyEP¬tb"ueNâaH rYcehIyk*bMeP¬ceTA . ®Kb'@Kãama nlMnwgnwgnr xMkab'Kas'dSduH xMrs'sIuciJçwm®KYsarvijeTA . m"¥agvijeTot ®bCaBlrdΩExμrsal'elakln'-nl'y"agc∫as'las' ma nesckI†sgÙwmnigTukcit†elIelak . elakCavIrCnd*sÌatsÌM, elakmanstism∫CJÔ:eshaCati, elakesμaH ®tg'cMeJHCati, elakEfmTSgKitcg'rMedaHkmıCae®kameTotpg. elakminecH GYtGag minecHxwg®ceLat elakminsUvVnevahaeT . elakmanedImkMeNItBIraÂs†Fmμta muxCaelaknSmknUvyuti†Fm·CUnra- Âs†ExμrCaminxan . b"uEn†CaerOgKYr[s†ayNas' e®JH®Bwti†karN__f©18mina 1970 vayWteBlNas'eTAehIy, yYnhaNUyCaevotkugVnkan'kab'Twk dIExμrGs'2PaK3rYceTAehIy . m"¥agvijeToteBlelakln'-nl'eLIgCa emdwknSExμr rUbelak®tUveraKaJFebotebony"agF©n' minGnuJÔat[elakbM- eBjkrNiykicçVnditdl' [VneBjelj bN†al[®kumnamWunBukrlY yeq¬øt{kasB&TÏelakCMuCit . rI‰elakGksÌatsÌMminGaccUlCYbelakCM- rabkarBitVneLIy . ebIelakGkNahflflancUlCYbCMrabkarBit KW®tUv®kumva sm¬ab' manåTahrN__x¬H@dUcteTA – manvresniyeTamãak'eQμaH daj'-dU CatiExμrkmıCae®kam . elakCaecA h√ay®suk®takUv ext†®tavij kmıCae®kam . elakdwgnigyl'c∫as'fa s Âgamk~g®sukExμreBlenH KWedImehtubN†almkBIyYnhaNUyCaevotkug vaGnuvt†tambN†SexμachU-CImijEdlfa – « ®tUvEtB¥ayamykTwkdIkmıCa edIm∫IB®gIkbkßkumμÿynis†≤NÎËcin » . dUecHelakvresniyeTasuxcit†rt' ecalmuxtMENg rt'ecalbuN¥s&ki†d*åt†gåt†m lHbg'ecal®KYsar sμ&®K cit†bUCaCIvit eFI√BlikmμmkCYyrMedaHTwkdIExμr . kaleNaHelakesna®bmux ln'-nl'TTYlelaky"agrIkray ®BmTSgbMJk's&ki†dEdlCUnelakvij E®beQμaHCa daj'-vDÛna rYccat'EtgtSgelakCaembJÇakarkgvresnaFM . elakdaj'-vDÛnasμ&®Kcit†nST&BecjeTATb'Tl'cMeJHxμSgCanicç . elak l∫IeQμaHBIerOgttbcMeJHxμSg TTYlC&yCMnHd*Kab'®besIr . kaleNaH xμSgKWyYnhaNUyCabUdUye®bIyIehaExμr®khm . ekr†i__eQμaHelakdaj'-vDÛnaj ̈Sg[emT&BEdlJk's&ki†eBjelIsμa Gg ̈ yEtk~gkariyal&ycSertamx¥l' ekItkI†®cENnQãanis . GgkarCanrNa ? 41 man ́f©mYy, kgT&Brbs'elakdaj'-vDÛnakMBugCab'dsÌitvayCamYy bUdUyenACYrPM®bsiTiÏ eBlenaHkgT&BCitGs'®Kab' elakeFI√dMeNIrcUlkan' rdΩFanIPMeBj edIm∫IsMubEnƒm®Kab'rMesv . ®sab'EtelakFMTTYlxus®tUvxag e®KOgsaÂs†avuF EbrCaTar ́f¬TwkEtsin ̆ ̆ ̆ manJk¥ccamGaramfa Tar50mWun erol . elakdaj'-vDÛnaP∆ak'swgEtsn¬b' e®JHelakBMudwgCaeTArkluyd* e®cInelIslb'enHenA‰Na . elakQr{b ́dKitfa KYr[QWcit†Nas' ̆ ̆ ̆ elakxMb†ËrCIvitmkCYykmıCa suxcit†lHbg'cakecal®KYsar muxgarnigbu- N¥s&ki†Bit@ mkJk's&ki†vresniyeTa EdlenA®sukExμrCas&ki†eKTijJk' e®Jg®JtedIreBjEtpßar . nwkeXIjsB√®Kb' elakmYem"Ak*THkMeP¬øgåt†m esniymãak'EdlCaGkTTYlxus®tUvbrik≈aTSgenaH ®BmTSgbJÇak'fa – enH 50mWunerolTTYlyksincuH ! . elakdaj'-vDÛnaGP&B√manerOgdEdl@2dgeTot . bnÊab'BIerOgTI3 elakk*VnTTYllixitmYyc∫ab'BIkariyal&y®bmuxrdΩ Edlmanhtƒelxa pÊal'drbs'elakesna®bmuxpg bJŒb'pÌakelakmin[eFI√karteTAeTot . kaleNaHk~grdΩaPiVlsaFarNrdΩExμr kgT&BEdlmancMnYn®Kb'®twm ®tUv edayKuNbMNac'sÂgam EdlVnTTYlkarGb'rMEpkyuTÏsaÂs†y"ag ®twm®tUv ecHcat'EcgmanT®mg'®besIr mankarBiesaFn__d*®Kb'®Kan' Edll∫I ecHc∫SgtTl'cMeJHxμSg ®BmTSgsal'kll∫icxμSg CaBiesssal'nig eKarBkrNiykicç – KWyl'faeFI√Tahan®tUvhflflanBlikmμCIvit edIm∫IkarJrCa ti TwkdI sasna ®BmTSgmansμartIrwgbwug tsflflUsi√ts√aj KWkgT&BEm"kh√&kß GtItkgT&BExμresrI EdlmancMnYn3mWunnak', hflflanlHbg'ecal®KYsar s&μ®K cit†eFI√BlikmμbUCasac'QammkCYykarJr®beTskmıCa manekr†i__eQμaHl∫I l∫ajGsçar¥ TTYleCaKC&yswg®Kb'smrPUmi KY[mansgÙwm . kgT&BenH mankMhusmYytUcKWminecHlut®kab EGbGb beJIçcbeJIçr EteKarBkrNi- ykicçkMeTcxμSgKWyYnbUdUy edIm∫IkarJrTwkdI Cati sasnaEtb"ueNâaH . mUlehtuenHj ̈Sg[emT&BenAkmıCakN†almineBjcit† EfmTSgekIt esckI†®cENn . emIlcuHkgT&BEm"kh√&kßCab'ds√itkMBugkMeTcxμSg Cit Gs'®Kb'rMesv k*cat'tMNagcUlkan'rdΩFanIP~MeBjsMuCMnYy ®sab'EtGs' elakEdlCaG~kTTYlxus®tUvEp~kbrik≈aTSgenaH EbrCaTar ́f¬TwkEt50mWun eroleTAvij . emIlcuH ! eKcab'epI†mbgab'x¬a[ecHsIusac'ehIy ! . bJ ̇ad*sμKKsμajrebobenHekItmanelIgCajwkjab' eTIbmanelakvres GgkarCanrNa ? 42 niyeTad*ekμgmãak'eQμaH elakGt'®TSminVnnwgGMeBIGyuti†Fm· Gs'TSgenH . elakk*cUleTAkan'kariyal&ybrik≈aTSgenaH ehIyhflflansI† benÊasåt†mesniyx¬HEdlCaGkTTYlxus®tUv . ®BwkEsÌkelakk*®bfuy CIvitcUleTACYbelakesna®bmuxln'-nl' edIm∫IraykarN__CMraberOgTSg Gs'enH . eq¬øt{kasCMrabbEnƒmBIerOgTMnijnanaeLIg ́f¬BI1eTA100 eTIb elakdwgfakgvresnatUcnimYy@ manEtemTahancMENk‰kUnTahanmin ®Kb'cMnYneT . e®kaybni†cmk edaynamWunBukrlYymanKãae®cInelIslb' vak*j ̈Hjg'[kUnsisßeFI√Vtukmμ rkelsepßg@ edIm∫Ivaysm¬ab'elakvr esniyeTad*ekμgnigd*k¬ahanenH . BYkvaVnsMercKMeragkarN__ edaysm¬a b'elakVnenAkN†alTI®kugPMeBjna ́f©TI4 mifuna qS1974 rYcehIyvaeVH exμacelakvresniyeTaecaleTAk~gTen¬bYnmuxeTA . elakvresniyeTa fac'-Ca ®tUvBYknamWunBukrlYysm¬ab'Vt'eTA rI‰bg bÌËnmit†Pki†rbs'elakminhflflanehIbmat'eT e®JHx¬acGMNac®kumBukrlYy tamB¥aVT . eBlenaHelak suTÏ-b"Ulin cagh√agkaEstnKrFM ( kkn – elaksuTÏ b"Ulin®tUvCamit†Pki†y"agCitsiTÏCamYyelakfac'-Ca ehIyCaGkVndwgerOg ra"vTSgGs'enHy"agc∫as'las' ) manesckI†k¬ahan eFI√BlikmμsresrEvk EjknUvXatkmμd*sahavminEdlmank~g®bvti†saÂs† ́nsãa ́d®kumnamWunBu krlYy cuHk~gkaEstnKrFM elxBiessmYy Edlmane®cInTMB&r . ®kumBu krlYyykkarN__dwg vabMrugcab'x¬Ánelak elakk*beJçjkaEstlk'pßay mun ́f©kMNt' rYcelakcakecjBI®sukrhUtmkdl'sB√f©enH . elakfac'-Ca®tUveKsm¬ab'Vt'eTA, elaksuTÏ-b"Ulin®tUvrt'ecal®suk, namWunsÌatsÌMeTACaKSgmat'KμanhflflankMerIk . ®kumnamWunBukrlYyk*B&TÏelak ln'-nl'y"agCMuCit . tSgBIeBlenaHmk elakesna®bmuxElgVnTTYl Bt·manGI√BitTal'EtesaH . ®kumBukrlYyCaBiessEpkkgT&Bcab'epI†meFI√ CMnYj KWlk'elxkgvresnatUc lk'buN¥s&ki†k~gqS1974-1975 KWåb- maebImanembJÇakarNamãak's¬ab' eKcat'karlk'eQμaH s&ki† kgvresnatUc enaHP¬am . enAkaleNaH tMNagraÂs† saÂs†acar¥ ®KUbe®gon emXMurt'eca lkEn¬gEbrCaeTATijs&ki†Jk'e®Jg®Jt . etIJk's&ki†nSTahaneTAkMcat' xμSg... ? ̆ ̆ ̆ eT ! eT ! minEmnnSTahaneTAvayxμSgeT . emIlcuHelakembJÇakarTijs&ki†Jk'eBjelIsμa rYccab'cat'EcgeFI√bJIÇ GgkarCanrNa ? 43 kUnTahanEdlmanEteQμaH manEtrUbft KμanmnusßeT edIm∫IebIkluyecj BIX¬SgykeTAsg ́f¬kgvresnatUc sg ́f¬s&ki†Edlx¬ÁnVnTij ̆ ̆ ̆ manelakx¬HJk's&ki†eBjelIsμa EteTAGgÿyrt'BnÏeTAvij . luHGMeBI BukrlYyKμan®BMEdnk~gkgT&BekItmaneLIgk~grebobenaH bN†al[luy kak'kan'EtefakeTA@ e®JHQ~Álcineq¬øt{kasenaHKitEtBIBWttemI¬g ́f©TMni j®kWt@ . åTahrN__kalBIqS1970 sac'®CUkmYyKILË ́f¬12erol, KuyTavmYy can ́f¬5erol, GgrmYyVvTm©n'100KILË ́f¬300erol . enAqS1975 sac' ®CUkmYyKILË ́f¬1250erol, KuyTavmYycan ́f¬500erol, GgrmYyVvTm©n' 100KILË ́f¬35,000erol . dUecHTMnijTUeTAeLIg ́f¬Cag100dg . elak ln'-nl'KμandwgGI√Tal'EtesaH . eBlenaHGkrdΩkarsÌatsÌMs¬Ët®tg'cMeJH Cati dl'eBldac'eJHs¬ab' e®JH®Vk'ExTijEtGgrmYyVvmin®Kb'pg . ®Kb'@Kãaeq¬øteBlciJçwmman' Ta ®CUk . cMENkelakFM@dUcCaelakrdΩmÂnI† elakåt†mesniy elakvresniy eTa elakvresniy‰k elakvresniy®tI elaksaÂs†acar¥ elakvis√kr elakevCÇbNiÎt nig®KUeBT¥CaedIm k~g®kbx&NÎBit@EdleFI√karbMerICatita mbecçkeTserog@x¬Ány"agsucritenaH minGac®b®Bwt†nUvGMeBIBukrlYydUc namWunCMnan'fIμ KWelatminTan'eK k*F¬ak'Twkcit†Gs'sgÙwm k*duHcit†revIrvay G- gÿyrg'cSertamx¥l'vij . ®Kb'@Kãayl'®cLMy"agF©n'CagF©n'fa rbbNak* edayeK®tUvkarGkecHdwg EdlmanbecçkeTsy"ag®Kb'®Kan' eTaHbIsem†c sIhnu Edlmanelakexov-sMpnKS®TdeNI†mVnGMNacBIelakln'-nl' vil®tLb'mk®Kb'®Kg®beTskmıCavijk*eday kicçkarrdΩ®tUvEtF¬ak'mkelI ®kumx¬ÁndEdl . emIlcuH ! elakFM@TSgenaHmindwgx¥l'Tal'EtesaH kar BitsÂgamenHmanKUbdib&k≈Gaf·kMVMg KW®kumGatitExμrevotmij nigbUdUyCa e®cInmWunnak' Edlbn¬Me®bIyIehaExμr®khm ...e®bIyIehasem†c"‰eNaHeTA vijeT . manelakFM@mYyPaKeBlenaH ®tUvTTYlevraKWkmμpl e®JHelakF¬ab' Ggÿyertamx¥l' rYceVkExμr≤sßr:manelaksWg-g"ukfaj', elakdab- QYn, elakekA-tk'CaedIm . emIlcuH ! BIqS1945dl'1953 elakdab-QYnnigelakekA-tk'Caem dwknSExμr≤sßr:elakTSgBIrnak'sMNak'enAEtk~g ́®B ®tUvmusTakxS xMtsflflU GgkarCanrNa ? 44 ®bqSgedjVrSg luH®taEtnKrExμrVn‰kraC¥bribUN·enA ́f©TI9-11-53 . nKrkmıCaVn‰kraC¥P¬am ®kumExμr≤sßr:sMucuHcUlk~gsgmExμredIm∫Iksag kmıCafIμTSgGs'Kãa . eBlenaHelakFM@EdlGgÿyrg'cSertamx¥l' EdlecH Etlut®kab k*VnsMercTTYleCaKC&yEmn . ®Kb'@KãaVneLIgs&ki† rYcbMeP¬ cKuNGktsflflU minecHGt'{nGnue®KaHGb'rMKãa edIm∫ITukCYykarJr®beTseTA GnaKteT EbrCamancrit®cENnE®kgeKl∫ICagx¬Án k*nSKãaecaTGktsflflUfa CaGkk∫t'Cati rYcehIyk*elIkT&BeTAB&TÏVj'sm¬ab'ecalexÊc . ( erOgeKB&TÏVj'sm¬ab'elakdab-QYnenAqS1959 edayecaTfak∫t' enaH xM∆mindwgfaCaerOgBit...eT ̆ ̆ ̆ sUmbgbÌËnExμremt†aBicarNaedayx¬Án‰g cuH b"uEn†karBitenaH dUcCarUbelaksWg-g"ukfaj'k*eKmin[cUl®sukEdr ) . b"uEn†xM∆s†ayGs'elakTSgenaHNas' Edlbg ̊erOgeQ¬aHK~aEtCamYy ExμrKãa‰g EdlCaGkbMerIExμrBit@ . cMENk‰ExμrGay"gbMerIyYnhaNUyKW GtitExμrevotmij EdlCas®tUvsIusac'hutQamrbs'Exμr EdlCaGksm¬a b'bMVt'BUCExμr KμanelakFMExμrTSgGs'enaHmansmtƒPaB®sav®CavrkeXIj ...eFI√[®kumk∫t'CatiBit@enaH®BWeramvaeLIy . emIlcuH ! e®kaysnisiThßWENvk~gExkkdaqS1954 EdlVnsMerc [evotmijdkfyecjBI®beTsExμr yYnhaNUyCaevotmijeq¬øteBlenaH sMrSge®CIserIsExμrevotmijcMnYn1,000nak' nSykeTACamYy edIm∫IbMJk' eKalCMhrkumμÿynis†[VnqÌineqÌA . cMENk4Jn'nak'eTot vabnßl'TukJ seBj®sukExμr edIm∫IeFI√CaExßry:eTAGnaKt . vabJÇa[rMlay®kumcUl sm©MQwgk~gTIggit rg'cSeBlevlalÌmkdl' . ( vaKμancUlsMucMNuHk~g sgmExμr‰kraC¥eT) . manembJÇakarmYyPaK®sLaj'nigesμaH®tg'cMeJH Cati Kμansflfl ̃u®KlMuCamYybnBukrlYyeT . elakEtgEtnST&BeTATb'Tl'CamY- yxμSg ̆ ̆ ̆ b"uEn†cab'tSgBIcugeqS1973mk k~gsmrPUminimYy@eKeXIjEtexμac ExμrJseBj ́®B mineXIjexμacbUdUydUceBlmun@eT . dUecHmanGarmμN__ rvatcit†cg'Qb'bn†sÂgam e®JHmincg'eXIjQambgbÌËnExμrhUteTA ́f©mux eTot . cMENk‰raÂs†ExμrGkkE®scMkar eBlenaHk*KμaneXIjGI√Eb¬kBICMnan'mun mkCMnan'e®kay KWeXIjEtbEnƒmTm©n'Caerogral'f© k*E®bcit†revIrvay ehIy k*nwkfa ebIVnsem†c"Edlmanelakexov-sMpnCaemExμr®khmKS®T Vn vil®tLb'mk®Kb'®Kg'®beTsExμrvij®besIrNas' . GgkarCanrNa ? 45 emIlcuHenAeBlenaH ! ®bCaBlrdΩExμrTUeTATSgraÂs†TSgnamWunGkrdΩ- kar®Kb'@Epk ®Kb'Can'fãak' TSgTahan TSgsIuvil yl'®cLMy"agF©n'Cag F©n' edaysμanfaPk'ePI¬gsÂgamenH KWExμrln'-nl'm≈agc∫SgCamYyExμrsIhnu- exovsMpnm≈ageTot . ®bCaBlrdΩExμrmindwgTal'EtesaHfa manKUbdi b&k≈Gaf·kMVMgBYnlak'x¬Ánk~gTIggit lYce®bIyIehaExμr®khm lYce®bIyI- ehasem†csIhnu rg'cS{kaslÌeTIbvae®kakeLIgm†gmYydMNak'@ bn¬Ms- m¬ab'bMVt'BUCExμr . etInrNaCaKUbdib&k≈Gaf·kMVMgenH ? KWGtitevotmijEd- lyYnhaNUyCaevotkugCaemdwknS CaGkp†l'GavuF[®Kb'Fun ®BmTSgma nbUdUyCag1Esnnak' e®tomx¬Ánrg'cSp†l'km¬Sgsm©at' EdlCakm¬SgGmt: EdlvamanGavuF®besIrCagExμreyIg vamanExßry:EtmYyKt'y"ag®twm®tUv hμt'ct' vacat'EcgmanT®mg'®besIrCagExμreyIg . åTahrN__fa ́f©enH Ex enH qSenH etIva®tUvbeJçjExμrFunNa ? etIExμrFunenaH®tUveFI√GI√ ? .l. va biun®bsb'e®bIkll∫ic CabÂJças'CabeN†ay vaecHcat'karVny"agdit dl'enAelIBiPBelak Kμansasn__NaGaceFI√dUcvaVneLIy . k~gqS1974 vakan'kab'TwkdÍ ́®B®Bwkßarbs'ExμrVnswg3PaK4eTAehIy .l. ❑ ❑ ❑ GgkarCanrNa ? 46 CMB UkTI8 ‹ ehtudUcem†cVnCaman®Bwti†karN__f©17emsa1975 ? ‹ karbegItKN:kmμaFikarBiesscrcabJçb'sÂgam . ‹ elakesna®bmuxln'-nl'cakecjBI®sukExμr . ‹ Ggkar®tYt®ta®beTsExμr . ‹ vibti†nrdΩFanIPMeBje®kay®Bwti†karN__17emsa1975 ‹ vibti†next†Vt'dMbge®kay®Bwti†karN__17emsa1975 ‹ vibti†®suk ́b"line®kay®Bwti†karN__17emsa1975 . ‹ Ggkaredj®bCaCnecjBIlMenA . k~gqS1974-1975 sÂgamkan'EteqHx¬SgeLIg@ raÂs†ExμrGkE®scMkar ®tUvxμSgsm¬ab'kMcayKμan®ta®bNI dUecH®tUvEtnS®KYsarrt'ePosx¬ÁncUlkan' TI®kug®CksMNak'e®cIn≤tKNna . mUlehtuenHbN†al[karx√Hes∫øg GaharVnecaTeLIgy"agx¬Sg . m"¥agvijeTot raÂs†ExμrGkE®scMkarminF¬a b'rs'enAcegÌøtcgÌl'Can'kelIKãa nigGt'kargareFI√y"agenH kMBugFujfb' Fu- j®Tan'CinNaynwgsÂgam ̆ ̆ ̆ ®sab'EtTTYlVnBt·manc∫as'karN__KYr[ kk'ek†A KYr[mansgÙwmmkfa – tamry:®beTseGsflflanCamit† eKCYyeFI√Gn† raKmn__ebIkkicçcrcaedIm∫IbJçb'sÂgam . enAeBlenaHelakLgg-bUer"t CardΩmÂnI†TI1 ́nrdΩaPiVlsaFarNrdΩExμr k*cab'epI†mcat'tSgKNkmμaFikarBiessmYymansmaCik13nak'KW – 1- åt†mesniy sUkS-xUy ®bFan®BwTÏsPa GgkarCanrNa ? 47 2- elak Gwug-bflfluneha ®bFanrdΩsPa 3- elak Lg-bUer"t naykrdΩmÂnI† 4- elak hgß-Funhak' åbnaykrdΩmÂnI† 5- åt†mesniy sk'-sflflutsaxn åbnaykrdΩmÂnI† nigCardΩmÂnI† ®ksYgkarJrCati, nayesna FikardΩankgT&BCati 6- elak V"n'-sUFI åbnaykrdΩmÂnI† 7- elak Lg-but†a rdΩmÂnI† 8- elak efag-lwmhYg rdΩmÂnI† 9- elak KS-er"t rdΩmÂnI† 10- åt†mesniy ln'-Nun 11- åt†mesniy eLs-kUEsm 12- elakKwm-gYn®tac eTsaPiVlFnaKarCatikmıCa 13- åt†mnavI vg'-saer"nDI kMBugerobcMkicçkarCamYyKUbdib&k≈ KWsem†csIhnunigelakexov-sMpn edIm∫IbJçb'sÂgam . eBlenaH®beTseGsflflanCamit†[eyabl'fa – ebIelakesna®bmuxsiƒ tenAk~g®beTskmıCadEdl kicçkarBiPakßaenHnwgGacmanåbs&KrarSgmin [®b®Bwt†eTAVn . dUecHåt†mesniysU-kSxUy, åt†mesniysk'-sflflutsaxn, elakGwug bflfluneha, elakLg-bUer"t nigelakhgß-Funhak' s&μ®Kcit†nSJk¥nSeya- bl'rbs'KNkmμaFikarbn†GMNac edIm∫IraykarN__CMrabelakesna®bmux ln'-nl' ®BmTSgesIsMu[elakfycakecjBI®sukExμr edIm∫IeTAB¥aVl eraK‰breTssin ̆ ̆ ̆. elakesna®bmuxln'-nl'KSgmat'swgrkJk¥eqI¬yq¬gminrYc . tam eyabl'rbs'elak elakyl'c∫as'Nas'fa ePI¬gsÂgamEdlkMBugeqH KKukeBj®beTsExμr KWbN†almkBIBYkGaTmiL vamanbMNgb†Ërmux®beT- skmıCa [k¬ayeTACa®beTsrNbrbs'va . ebIvaelbVnTwkdIkmıCa va nwgksagkmıCamYyfIμelIKMnrepHKMnrqÌwgrbs'raÂs†Exμry"agBit®Vkd . b"uEn†elaknwkKitfa – KYr[cEm¬k KYr[q©l'Nas' e®JHtamBt·manc∫a s'karN__raykarN__mkfa tSgBIcugqS1973 k~gsmrPUminimYy@ eKeXIj GgkarCanrNa ? 48 EtTahannigeyaFaCatiExμrs¬ab'KrelIK~a KμaneXIjexμacbUdUydUcBImun@ eLIy . m"¥agvijeTot eraKaJFkMBugyayIrUbelak, elakminGacbMeBjParkicç krNiykicçbMerICati[VneBjelj . eBlenaHelakGgÿyKitsJÇwgmYy snÊ ̈HFM edIm∫I®beTsCati elaksMerccit†yl'®BmtamesckI†esIenaH . elak®tUvEtpßge®BgcakecjecalmatuPUmiCaTI®sLaj'KYr[esaks†ay. elakx√l'Esnx√l'BIGnaKt ́n®beTsnig®bCaCnExμr .l. elakesna®bmuxecjdMeNIreTAkan'shrdΩGaemrikenA ́f©TI1emsaq~S 1975 . emIlcuH®Kb'@ebskkmμrbs'elakesna®bmuxln'-nl' elakeFI√eLI gedayeBjkiti†ysEf¬f~Ër nigsmehtusmplCanicç . eq¬øt{kasenaHyYnhaNUy nigExμrGay"gyYn EdlCasmaCikb- kß®bCaCnbdivt†n__Exμr KWGtitExμrevotmij manehg-sMrin, hflflun-Esn, Ca- swumCaedIm elatkJœk'ykC&yCMnHenA ́f©17emsa1975P¬am . BYkvaEk T®mg'®beTskmıCa[k¬ayeTACalanmrN:d*FMeFg . edIm∫Ilak'bMVMg, edIm∫IbMP&n†mtiGn†rCatinigraÂs†Exμr vabegIteQμaHd*c- Em¬kenHKW « GgkarGnamik » EdlCaembJÇakary"agggitGnÏkar . emIlcuHk~gnamGgkarpßaytamviT¥ ̈enArdΩFanIPMMeBjenAl©ac ́f©TI17em sa1975, vaniyay®cMEdl@KYr[Fuj®Tan'fa C&yCMnH ́f©TI17emsa1975 enHminEmnVnmkedaysarkarcrcaeT KWVnedaykardeNI†medayGavuF rbs'kgkm¬Sg®bdab'GavuFrbs'eyIg . kaleNaHExμr®Kb'@KãaæEdr b"uEn† Gkkx¬HminsUvykcit†Tukdak'tamdan®Bwti†karN__VnCaeBlenaHeyIgminsUv yl'n¥HeLIy . emIlcuHGgkarGnamikEdlGt'rUbGt'rag ehIymanEteQμaHdUcbisac enH etIehtuGI√k*vaman≤TiÏBlx¬Sgk¬aKYr[cEm¬kem"¬H ? sUmeqI¬ybJÇak'bMPW¬ CMrabbgbÌËnExμrfa e®JHmanbUdUyCae®cInmWunnak' EdlCakm¬SgGmt:d*mut s√its√aje®tomx¬ÁnCae®scrg'cSp†l'km¬Sgsm©at'[Ggkar . ❑ GgkarCanrNa ? 49 vibti†enAPMeBje®kay®Bwti†karN__f©17emsa75 PMeBjCardΩFanÍ ́n®beTskmıCa . p¬ËvCatielx1cgPÇab'rdΩFanIPMeBj eTArdΩFanÍ ́®BnKr ( ́sh ̊g-®kughU-CImij ) . p¬ËvCatielx5cgPÇab'rdΩFanI PMeBj eTA®sukGUre®CAkat'tamext†kMBg'qSg, eJFisat' nigVt'dMbg . enA xagekItrdΩFanIPMeBjmanTen¬mYyy"agFMehAfaTen¬bYnmux ( Ten¬ctumux ) . kV"l'tUclμmGacebIkbrCahUrEhr . rhUtdl'qS1975 PMeBjCardΩFanI erobcMTan'sm&yTMenIb man®bCaCncMnYn60mWunnak' PaKe®cInCaGkman®T- B¥sm∫ti†s†ks†m∏ . kggry:eBl5qS edaysarsÂgam raÂs†ExμrGkE®scMkarP&yx¬ac k*nS ®KYsarrt'cUlkan'TI®kugPMeBjy"age®cInelIslb' . enAqS1975 ®bCaCn mancMnYnCag3lannak' . vibti†nes∫øgGaharVnecaTeLIgKYr[Vrm∏®k Elg . shrdΩGaemrikCYyp†l'CMnYymnusßFm· Cae®KOgåbePaK briePaK cMnYnBI3eTA4mWunetank~gmYyEx . BIr...bÍ ́f©mun®Bwti†kar17emsa1975 Gk ®sukk~grdΩFanIPMeBjTSgGs'mankar®CYl®cbl', P&ytk's¬t, Gs'sgÙwm e®JHVnTTYlBt·mand*c∫as'karN__mkfa elakesna®bmuxln'-nl'Vn cakecjBI®beTsExμreTAehIy . kicçkarrdΩTSgmUl®tUvEtF¬ak'eTAk~gkN†a b'dBYknamWun EdlPaKe®cInCaGkBukrlYynigx√HsmtƒPaB . eBlenaHxμSgVj'kSePI¬gbMep¬age®sacelIrdΩFanIdUcrnÊH Gkk®sukGnÊH sarcg'dwglTÏpl ́nkarBiPakßarvagsaFarNrdΩExμr, sem†csIhnu nigela kexov-sMpn . ®sab'EtenA ́f©TI17emsa1975 em"ag7kn¬HmandMNwg bn†mkeTotfa manecAh√ayfIμcUlmk®Kb'®Kg®beTskmıCaehIy ̆ ̆ ̆. ®Kb'@ Kãayl'®cLMsμanEtkicçcrcaVnsMerc edayf√ayGMNacdl'sem†c" ela kGacyag®tLb'mk®Kb'®KgraÂs†ExμreLIgvijehIy! ̆ ̆ ̆ ®besIrNas'@! ̆ ̆ ̆ eBlenaHraÂs†ExμrGnÊHsarGg ̈yP&ypgGrpg e®JHmindwgfadMNwg enHBit≤minBiteT . kMBugemIlp¬Ëvsem†c" ®sab'Etmankare®tkGreday®k eLkeXIjmnusßmãak'muxmUlmS es¬økJk'exμA KμanGavuFedIrmuxeKy"ags√a- hab' manyuvCnekμg@cMnYnCag2rynak'es¬økJk'exμAKμanGavuF edIrtam e®kayehrCak∫ÁnelIcieJIçmfl't®mg'eTAkan'sNΩaKar « LWPM » Edlman GgkarCanrNa ? 50 kgT&Brfe®kaHCae®cInrynak'enATIenaHe®tomx¬Ánrg'cSTb'Tl'nwgxμSg . kg T&Brfe®kaH®keLkeXIjmnusßcEm¬kmkdl' k*elatcuHBIrfe®kaHrt'®s mk CYbCECkKãamYysnÊHH ®sab'Etelat{bKãa bg ̇ajnUvesckI†e®tkGrCaGenk edayeCOtamsMdIGkk¬ahanenH®Vb'fa « sÂgamcb'®twmenHehIy! » . mnusßcEm¬kk*eLIgelIrfe®kaHmYye®KOg elIk ́deFI√sJÔaecjbJÇa[ dwknSKat'eTAkan'TI®kugPMeBj rYceTAkan'®Kb'TIkEn¬gEdlmanT&By"age®cIn dak'Exße®tomrg'cSTb'Tl'nwgxμSg . eBleTAdl'smrPUminimYy@ Gkk¬a- hand*cEm¬kenH elatcuHBIrfe®kaHedIrEtmãak'‰g KμanGavuF rYcelIk ́dCa sJÔabJÇa[kgT&BTSgGs'dak'GavuF ®BmTSgniyaybJÇak'EtJk¥dEdl @fa « sÂgamcb'ehIy@!!! » . cMENk®bCaCnExμrnigbreTs EdlVneXIjmnusßCag200nak'd*k¬a hanedIrcUlsmrPUmiKμanGavuFy"agenH manPaKe®cInsμanfa CaKN®btiPU rbs'sem†c...Exμr®khm cUlmkcrcaCamYynamWunbn†GMNacBIelakln'- nl' .l. kMBugsm¬wgP¬wknwksμan@y"agenH ̆ ̆ ̆ eBlCamYyK~a®sab'EteXIjman LanhßIb2e®KOgbryWt@ manemExμr®khm8nak'CiHk~gLanenaH . Lan enaHedatTg'BN·®khmnigexov manrUbEx√geCIgEkÌkenABIelI . maneyaFa Exμr®khmekμg@ GayuminelIsBI15qScMnYn300nak' es¬økJk'exμA Jk' Es∫keCIgeFI√BIekAsflflUkg'LantamhU-CImij . CMuvijceg ̊HB¥Ár®Kab'Ebkcin reNgreNagFun B-40, AK-47Jk'eqog®Kab'kSePI¬geBjedIm®TUg . BYk eyaFaekμg@enHedIrtame®kayLanhßIbBIre®KOgenaH cUlmky"ags©b' es©ømemIleTAdUcCaGs'km¬SgNas'eTAehIy . ®kumenHxus®sLHBI®kum mun@ . dUecHetI®kumenHecjmkBI®bPBNa ? BImCŒdΩanNa ? e®kaybni†cmkeTIbmanBt·manmkfa mnusßk¬ahand*cEm¬kenaH KWela kåt†mesniy Ehm-ekttara CakUnrbs'elakEhm-ektsaNa rdΩmÂnI† ®ksYgmha ́pÊ . elakåt†mesniyEhm-ekttaraeFI√tambJÇaelakln'- NunbÌËnbegItelakln'-nl' edIrbJÇa[Tahan®Kb'@smrPUmidak'GavuF ®BmTSgniyayEtX¬adEdl@fa « sÂgamcb'ehIy@! » ̆ ̆ ̆ ®kumelakln'-Nun ́llk[Tan'x¥l'mYyry:eBlsin . b"uEn†KYr[ s†ayNas' EdlGs'elakTSgenHminVneronsU®txagEpksÂgam[dwg Tal'EtesaH faGkQHeBlenHCa®kumGaf·kMVMg vakJœk'ykC&yCMnH va GgkarCanrNa ? 51 BYnlak'x¬Áne®kayeQμaHGgkarGnamik e®bIyIehaExμr®khmenaHeT . em"ag10kn¬H ́f©dEdl, elakEhm-ekttaranigyuvCnCag200nak'mk dl'®ksYgeXasnakarmuneKTSgGs' . elakeq¬q¬aedaycat'Tukx¬ÁnfaCa embJÇakar edayyl'®cLMF©n'eTAelIBYkExμr®khmTSgenaHfa Camnusß ́®BminecHdl'®kumGjeT ! eBlenH®kumGjykKab'ykKYrer[Tan'x¥l' mYyeBlsin ̆ ̆ ̆ Jk¥cas'elakEtgtMNalfa – «ecH‰g[E®kgecHeK! » enA ́f©TI17emsaenH viT¥ ̈kmıCasm©Mes©ømQwgtSgBI®Blwm luHdl' em"ag10 eTIbæsem¬gsem†c®BHsgÙraC hYt-tat pßayGMJvnav[raÂs† ExμrTUTSg®beTstSgcit†[s©b'es©ømenApÊHerog@x¬Án ̆ ̆ ̆ sÂgamcb'®twmhwg ehIy ̆ ̆ ̆ eyIg®tUvEtbJŒb'karbg ̇ËrQamrvagExμrnigExμr .l. mYysnÊHeTIbæsUrsem¬gåt†mesniy mIu-sIucn Canaykariyal&yTI 3 ́nGKbJÇakarkgT&BExμr Ef¬gbJÇabgab'eTAkgT&B®Kb'Epk[dak'GavuFcuH e®JHkarcrcaVnbJçb'sÂgam®twmeNHehIy . cMENkraÂs†GkE®scMkar Gacvil®tLb'eTAkan'PUmi®sukTIlMenA ®bkbkargareFI√E®scMkareLIgvijdUc BIedIm . enAem"ag2resol ́n ́f©dEdl viT¥ ̈cab'pßayeVkbeJœatembJÇakarnig rdΩmÂnI†®Kb'@®ksYg EdlmanCaGaf·dUcteTA – « TIenHviT¥pßaysem¬grNsir¥rYmrYmCatikmıCa ̆ ̆ ̆ eyIgxM∆enArg'cSmit†@ k~gmnIÊrrdΩmÂnI†®ksYgeXasnakar . enACamYynwgeyIgmansem†c®BHsgÙ raC hYt-tat, elakmIu-sIucn, elakln'-Nun, elakEhm-ekttara . eyI gsUmGeJIÇjrdΩmÂnI†®Kb'@®ksYg, åt†mesniyTSgGs' mkCYbeyIgCa bnÊan'bMput edIm∫ICYyeyIgerobcMksagCati » . ædUecHHP¬am namWuncMnYn400nak'Edlx√HkarBiesaFn__ edayemah__VMg enaH manTwkmuxjjwme®tkGrCa ́®kElg k*es¬økJk'‰ksNΩany"agsÌat eFI√dMeNIreTAkan'mnIÊreXasnakarP¬am edayKμannrNamãak'nwkPkKitfa kM- Bugcaj'eVkxμSgenaHeT . k~gcMeNam400nak'enHman – åt†mesniyQw m-QYn, ln'-Nun, b"Ul-lÍ ́tsYn, lÍ ́tsYn-EGem, mIu-sIucn CaedIm es¬økJk'smtamyss&ki†sÌat@ elIkElgEtelakEhm-ekttara nig yuvCnekμg@Cag200nak'ecj Edles¬økJk'exμA . cMENkelakLgg-bUer"t rdΩmÂnI†TI1mkdl'yWtCageK . elakcMNay eBlCitGs'mYy ́f©eTIbVnsMerc e®JHeyaFaExμr®khmekμg@ yamy"ag GgkarCanrNa ? 52 hμt'ct' Xat'XSgmin[elakedIreTAkan'®ksYgeXasnakar . elakGs' sgÙwm xMTak'TgTMrSmaneKebIkLanhßIbmkTTYlelak . luHelakmk dl'®ksYgeXasnakar em"ag®bEhl5resol cMelIeBlEdlviT¥ ̈pßay sem¬g®tg'Jk¥mYyX¬aEdlniyayfa – « eyIgQHedaysarkgkm¬Sg ®bdab'GavuFeshaCatikmıCa ̆ ̆ ̆ KWeyIgQHedayGavuF EtBMuEmnedaykarcr caeT » . elakLg-bUer"tædUecãaHk*F¬ak'efI¬mk†kviHEtdYlsn¬b' « {! ExμrGa y"gyYneTetI ! » elakk*edIreeTAcab'dGs'elakvr:Cn®Kb'@KãaenATIenaH . eBleTAcab'delakåt†mesniyEhm-ekttaraCacuge®kayeKbgÌs' ela kTSgBIrkan'dKãay"agmS sm¬wgmuxKãay"agyUrenAes©øm ®Kan'Etbg ̇ajs- PaBxage®kA[yl'fa « Gjk*qÁt ‰gk*qÁt ̆ ̆ ̆ minKYrGIeyIgedIrbJÇa[Taha ndak'GavuFcuHmunc∫Sgy"agenHeLIy !!! » .l. ®bEhlem"ag7l©ac tMNagGgkardwknSåt†mesniy, rdΩmÂnI† ®Bm TSgnisßit200nak'eTACYbGgkar KWnSykeTAVj'sm¬ab'ecalexÊc . ( sMuebIkrg√g'®kckbni†c, muneBlEdl®beTsExμr®tUvF¬ak'vinashin- ehac3-4 ́f©, elakLgg-bUer"tefI√dMeNIreTAkan'®beTshI√lI¬BIn CYbelak esna®bmuxln'-nl' edIm∫IsMudMbUnμannigeyabl' . elakvil®tLb'mk kan'rdΩFanIPMeBjvij cMeBl®Bwk ́f©TI12-4-75 KWCa ́f©Edlelak‰kGKrdΩ TUty"un-xan'fIDIn mkGeJIÇjelakeLIgkV"l'ehaHePosx¬ÁneTAkan'sh rdΩGaemrikmYyry:sin . elak®bEkkmin®BmeTA ehIyEfmTSgeqI¬yeTA vijfa – « xM∆minEmnCaGksIuQ~Álc∫SgeT » . dUecHkEn¬gEdlTukCUnela kLgg-bUer"tenaH k*®tUvVneTAeTAelaksUkS-xUy Edlmanvasnacakecj putBIe®KaHfãak' ehIysMNak'enAshrdΩGaemrikrhUtdl'sB√f©enH . emIlcuHelakLgg-bUer"tCanaykrdΩmÂnI† CaGkcat'EtgtSgKN:kmμaFi karBiess edIm∫Icrcarkp¬ËvbJçb'sÂgamenA®sukExμr . emIlcuHGs'elak åt†mesniyx¬H Kμanyl'GI√TSgGs'GMBIerOgsÂgamk~g®sukExμr . ®Kb'@Kãa beN†ayx¬Áncaj'eVkxμSgF©n'CagF©n'swgrkJk¥ExμrsresrKμan. beN†ay x¬Án[xμSg®bmUlykeTAVj'sm¬ab'ecalVny"aggay dUceKebHBu®TaTMu . {eTvtaeGIy ! KYrGasUrdl'raÂs†ExμrekItCMnan'enHNas', etIvasnak¬a yCaGI√eTA ? emIlcuH ! enA ́f©TI17-4-75, evlaem"ag4resol manLanhßIbCae®cI ne®KOg dak'åeKÙasns&BÊ ebIkbrBIkEn¬gmYyeTAkEn¬gmYyeTotJseBj GgkarCanrNa ? 53 rdΩFanI pßayCadMNwgtambJÇad*dac'Nat'rbs'Ggkar edj®bCaCnTSg Gs'[ecjBIrdΩFanIk~gry:24em"ag edayykelsfa GaemrikSgnwgcUl mkTm¬ak'®Kab'Ebkk~geBlqab'@enH ̆ ̆ ̆. enAeBlenaH®bCaCnCit3lannak' ®tUvEtfyecjBIrdΩFanIP~MeBjd*FM eFg ecal®TB¥sm∫ti†d*e®cInmhima KμanJk¥tva"eLIy . Gkx¬HBrkUntUc dwk ́dkUnbnÊab' manEtkUnsMJyenAelIxg . Gkx¬HEsgmnusßcas'Cra Esg®bBnÏeTIbsMralkUnehIyfIμ@, Esg®bBnÏkMBugEtQWeJHbMrugnwgsM- ralkUn .l. Gkmanrfyn†k*erobcM®TB¥sm∫ti†d*cSVc'dak'k~grfyn† rYc nS®bBnÏkUnruj e®JHp¬ËvcegÌøtminGacebIkbrVn . cMENkefAEkmaseB®C x¬H edaybnÊan'x¬SgeBk k*ekIbmaseB®CbÂJçkk~gFugTwkLan rYcnS®bBnÏ kUnrujecjBIhageTA . b"uEn†LanTSgGs'enaH minTan'ecjputBIrdΩFanIPMeB jpg k*®tUv®kumeyaFaekμg@PÇg'kSePI¬gesIykLanTuk[GgkarTSgGs' . luHyb'mkdl', ®bCaCnTSgbIlannak'enaH ®tUvEtedkpÊal'dI kN†al valE®s Gt'Vy Gt'Twk cm©ayBIrdΩFanI®twmEt1eTA3KILËEm"®tb"ueNâaH . edaysarEtcMnYnmnusße®cIneBk edImminVnelOneTAmuxeT . ®Kb'@rUb KSgmat'rkJk¥f©ËrKμan . k~geBledIrBJk'BBUnkμanTIedAenH manbgbÌËn Exμrx¬H ®tUv®Jt'®Vs'bI†®bBnÏkUnrhUtdl'sB√f©enH . eq¬øt « {kasd*lÌ enH » GgkarGnuvt†kll∫icd*exμA®kx√k' edayeVkrdΩmÂnI†, nayTahan nig namWunFM@ cak'[cMcMNucexßayrbs'Gs'elakTSgGs'EdlGg ̈yercStam x¥l' . emIlcuH ! ®Blwm ́f©TI19emsa, eKeXIjman®bkasbwTe®Jg®JtelI bnÊHk†arBN·exμA cgB¥ÁrCab'nwgedImeQIswg®Kb'TIkEn¬g enACMuvijrdΩFanI Ed lmanesckI†CaGaTifa – « GgkarsUmGeJIÇjnayTahan BIGnuesniy®tI eLIgeTA, sUmGeJIÇjrdΩmÂnI†®Kb'@®ksYg cUlmkcuHeQμaHenATIenH edIm∫I cUlkan'rdΩFanIPMeBjvij CYyerobcMksagCati » . enAeBlenaHGs'elak FM@PaKe®cIn ®tUvF¬ak'k~gGnÊak'Ggkar edayyl'®cLMy"agF©n'fa Exμr®khm EdlCamnusß ́®B l©g'ex¬A ≤ttMerHviCÇa em"ck*min®tUvkarGj ? . ®tUvcMcMNuc exßayenH k*bbYlKãart'®bjayeTAt®mg'CYrsMucuHeQμaH ®Vb'BIGtitmuxgar rbs'x¬Áneday®tg'@ edIm∫Iqab'[eKdwkcUleTAkan'rdΩFanI nwgGalVnkan' muxtMENgdUcBIedIm, ecosvagkaredkhaleP¬øg hal ́f©dUecH vaevTna Nas' . GgkarCanrNa ? 54 elakNacuHeQμaHrYcGgkarp†l'Ggrm ̇Ëb[®Kb'®Kan'P¬am . GgkarGnuvt†kl l∫icrebobenH EtBIr-bÍ ́f© GaceVk®bmUlBYknayTahan rdΩmÂnI†nana nig namWunExμrEdlGg ̈yrg'cSertamx¥l'enaH dwknSykeTAVj'sm¬ab'ecal exÊcVny"aggay ®tUvs¬ab'y"age®cIn≤tKNna . eKVneXIjGs'elak x¬H@dUcCaelakGMr"ug (GknSJk¥rdΩaPiVl), elakvresniylI-etk, ekA- Gul nignag-sn, elakvresniyeTa jg-c&nÊsava"t nigsIu-etk, emFavI sIu-saEc, elakåt†mesniyqay-Lay, Eb"n-tara, elakeTB-QIvexg (rdƒmÂnI†®ksYgeXasnakar), elakV"n'-suFI (GtitrdΩmÂnI†TI1), elakPI-Fa nLay (GtitrdΩGaC∆a), elakhgß-Funhak', elakGflfluk-yun nigGkGmças' sIusuvtiƒ-dYgCIvin . enA ́f©TI18emsaevlaem"ag10 GgkarecjbJÇa[nS®bCaCnExμrEdl sMNak'enAsƒanTUtVrSgcMnYn800nak' ykecjeTAdak'k~gbrievNkILa- dΩanLSEbflflr Edlmancm©ay200Em"®tBIsƒanTUt . k~gcMeNam800nak'enH PaKe®cInmanrdΩmÂnI†, vis√kr, nayTahan . vabJÇa[eFI√®bvti†rUb rYcbMEbk[ enAtamEpk@ . maneKVneXIjnigVnsal'dUcCa elakvresniyeTaGIu- bflflunsYr, elakembJÇakartan'-Ca, mÂnI†Can'xıs'dUcCaelakDI-EblLgg, ela kDI-EblELn nigelakEp¬k-ePOn CaedIm . vadwknSGkTSgGs'enHCabn†@ ykeTACYbGgkar KWnSykeTAVj'sm¬ab'ecalTSgGs' . enA ́f©TI19emsaem"ag3resol tMNagrbs'GgkarcUlmkkan'sƒan TUtVrSg cab'elakGwug-bflfluneha ®bFanrdΩsPa, elakelOg-Nal' rdΩmÂnI† ®ksYgsuxaPiVl, ®Tg'sirimt:, m"mlav CamehsImYyrbs'sem†csIhnu . ®Tg'nigGs'elakTSgGs'manÚkJr ́f¬f~Ër cab'dsMulanigEf¬gGMNrKu- Ndl'buKliksƒanTUtVrSgTSgGs' EdlVnyl'®Bm[®kumx¬ÁnsMNak' enAk~gsƒanTUtmYyry: rYcbeNI†rKãaecjeTA®bKl'x¬Án[tMNagGgkar Ed lmanLanhßIbmYye®KOgnigLanehßGwumesmYye®KOgctQb'rg'cSenA mat'T√arxage®kA . eBlenaHelakkugsflflulrgVrSgeQμaH DIra"k' k*VnCUndMeNIrvrCnTSg enaHdl'ek¬agT√arsƒanTUt . elakminGacTb'nUvmenaseJçtnarbs'elak VneT . mnIÊreBT¥®BHektumalaCamnIÊreBT¥mYyd*FMenArdΩFanIPMeBj . enAqS19 75 manGkCm©WF©n'CagBIrmWunnak' CaBiessGkCm©WF©n'EdlbN†almkBI GgkarCanrNa ? 55 sÂgam . enA ́f©17emsa GgkarecjbJÇadac'Nat'[bg≈MedjGkCm©WTSg Gs'ecjBImnIÊreBT¥P¬am@ . GkrbYsF©n'@Cae®cInJn'nak' kan'eQI®ct'Tb' x¬Án edIredayevTna Gkx¬HmanbgbÌËn®KabeNI†r, GkEdlenAsn¬b'minTan' dwgx¬Án manbgbÌËnrujE®KnSecjeTA . b"uEn†eyIgminGaceP¬cVnnUvGkBikar ≤t ́d≤teCIgKμanbgbÌËnCYy EdlvadUcst√Cen¬n Edl®tUveKkat'CaBIr...bI kMNat' etIvay"agem†ceTAvij ? . eyIgKYrnwkeXIjehIysYrfa etIenAmanCnBikardUcenHb"unμannak'eTot eBj ́pÊ®sukExμr Edl®tUvrgTuk≈evTnaedaysarGgkarenAeBlenH ? enArdΩFanIPMeBj kgT&BEdlminertamx¥l' KWT&BEm"kh√&kß EdlCaGti tkgT&BExμresrI . kgT&BExμresrI mankarGb'rMy"aghμt'ct' . elaksWg- g"ukfaj'Bn¥l'bMJk'eKalCMhr [sal'krNiykicçnigParkicçCaTahan KW ®tUvc∫SgtTl'nwgs®tUv edIm∫IkarJrCatinig®beTs . m"¥ageTot elakBn¥ l'[sal'c∫as' nUvs®tUvnigmit†rbs'CatiExμr . kgT&BenHrwgbwugs√its√aj mankartsflflUFn'®TSnwgkarlMVk®Kb'Ebby"ag ebIe®bobeFobeTAnwgbUdUy KW x¬SgCagBYkenH . GgkareronsU®tsal'®Kb'®Cuge®Cayk~gEpkkgT&BsaFa rNrdΩExμr . Ggkarsal'c∫as'fa – em@cUleFI√TahanedIm∫IEtJk's&ki†, Ga geFI√FM Ggÿyrg'cSertamx¥l' ̆ ̆ ̆ rI‰kUn@vijcUleFI√TahanedIm∫IebIk®Vk'Ex ciJçwm®KYsar . GkGs'enHminsal'ParkicçnigkrNiykicçeLIy . dUecHma nEtkgT&BEm"kh√&kßmYyKt'EdlGgkar®tUvEt®bug®by&t ®tUvEtkMeTcGavuF CakSePI¬g e®JHkgT&BenHmincuHjmnwgs®tUveT . mUlehtuenH GgkarGna mikcat'bJçËneyaFay"age®cInelIslb' mkB&TÏmUldΩanenAbUrIkILa nigmUl dΩan100xg cab'tSgBIem"ag5®BwkenA ́f©TI16emsa . luHyb'mkdl'k*cab' Vj'®Kab'bMep¬ag e®sacmkelImUldΩanbUrIkILadUcrnÊH . EsÌkeLIgem"ag7®Bwk ́n ́f©TI17emsa xμSgcUlkan'kab'mUldΩanTSgBIr enaHTSg®sug . GgkarbJÇa[sm¬ab'ecalTSgGs' TSg®bBnÏTSgkUn . tS gBI®Bwti†karN__enaHmk eyIgminEdlVnCYbkgT&BEm"kh√&kßNa sUm∫ImYy nak'k*eTeLIy ̆ ̆ ̆. e®kABIkgT&BEm"kh√&kßenaH Ggkare®bIEtkll∫icEdlcuccMcMNucexßa y TSgTahanTSgrdΩmÂnI† eTAQrtMerobKãaCaCYr [eKykeTAsm¬ab'ecal edayminVc'e®bIexãaHXãag®cvak'pg ̆ ̆ ̆. ] nwk@eLIgKYr[xμas'eGonCa ́®kElg ! ̆ ̆ ̆ GgkarCanrNa ? 56 ext†Vt'dMbgCaext†TI2 ́n®beTskmıCa, sMbUreTAeday®tI®Kb'y"ag Ep¬ ¬eQI®Kb'mux nig ́®BeQId*mant ́m¬ . dImanCIrCati, ebIGkNaB¥ayamkab'Ka s'dSduHbegItpl GkenaHEtgTTYlpld*Kab'®besIrCanicç . TSg®bCaCn ExμrTSgbreTsrs'enAEsnsuxekßmkßan† . TI®kugVt'dMbgerobcMTan'sm&yTMenIb KYr[KyKn'mincaj'TI®kugbreT seLIy . manhaglk'TMnij®Kb'mux Kμanx√HGI√eLIy . ®BM®bTl'ext†Vt' dMbgCab'nwg®beTs ́f . mansÊwgmYyeQμaHsÊwgsEg Gacp†l'TwkVn®Kb' ®Kan' ®BmTSgman®tId*bribUN· . ®bCaCnEdlmanlMenAtamdgsÊwgenHGa censaT®tIsMrab'eFI√CaGaharciJçwmCIvitCaGcí ́Ân†y__edayesrI . BImunsÂgam TI®kugVt'dMbgman®bCaCn®bEhlbYnmWunnak' . k~gry: 5qSEdlsÂgampÊHHeLIg ®bCaCnGkE®scMkarEdlP&ytk's¬ttx¬SgeBk k* nS®KYsarrt'ecjecalTIlMenA ePosx¬Ánmk®CkenATI®kug . enAqS1975 TI ®kugVt'dMbgmanmnusß®bEhl1lannak' . ®bCaCnTSgLayenaHkMBug Et®BYyVrm∏nwgkarGt'X¬an ®sab'EtenAevlaem"ag11 ́n ́f©TI17emsa19- 75 manecAh√ayfIμcUlmkCMnYselakesna®bmuxln'-nl' . eK®sab'Et æsem¬grbs'elakexov-sMpnEf¬gGYt®cMEdl@cMnYn3 ́f© BIC&yCMnHd*mha Gsçar¥enHtamry:viT¥rNsirßrYbrYmCatikmıCa . mUlehtuenH ExμrenAVt'dMbge®tkGrCa ́®kElg e®JHsμanfaC&yCMnH d*mhaGsçar¥enH KWCasãa®BHhsƒrbs'sem†c" Edlmanelakexov-sMpn emExμr®khmCaGkKS®T . ®besIrNas'@ !!! . em"ag®bEhl8l©ac ́n ́f©TI17emsa ®bCaBlrdΩExμrenATI®kugVt'dMbg bbYlKãaerobk∫ÁnrWum"k dMkl'rUbftsem†c"y"agFM@ EhrB&TÏTI®kug vayFug vayLSg E®skCeyasem†c"y"agkgrMBg . yb'enaHGkkmanGavuFk*Vj'eTAelIGakasE®skGbGrsaTrsb∫ayrIk rayTTYlC&yCMnHEk¬gbn¬MenH . yuvCn yuvnarIbbYlKãae®cogrSy"agsb∫a y edayeCOnigsgÙwmfa EsÌk@enH®beTskmıCanwgVnsni†PaBeLIgvij ehIy . GkE®scMkare®tkGrCa ́®kElg edaysgÙwmy"agmSfa EsÌkenH GacnS®KYsarvil®tLb'eTAkan'TIlMenA®bkbksikmμeLIgvijedayesrI . emIlcuHbgbÌËnrYmQameGIy ! nwkeXIjerOgenHeLIgKYr[xμas'eGony"a gx¬Sg minKYremdwknSExμrTSgski†PUmi TSgExμr®khmx√HsmtƒPaB beN†ay [®bCaBlrdΩExμr rvl'Etsμanyl'®cLMy"agenHeLIy ?!?! . GgkarCanrNa ? 57 cMENk‰Ggkarvij vatamdanrkcMNucexßay ́n®bCaBlrdΩExμr®Kb'@ CMhan eBlenHvae®CIsVnGavuFmYyy"agski†siTiÏ edIm∫Ism¬ab'namWunExμr ®Kb'@EpkenAext†Vt'dMbg e®JHvaeXIj®bCaBlrdΩExμrCaTUeTA®sLaj's em†c"y"agmutmSNas' . dUecH®tUvsm¬ab'namWunTSgenaH[Tan'eBlevla B n¥aeBlminekIteT nSbN†al[manåbs&KCaBMuxan ̆ ̆ ̆dUecH®tUvEte®bIeQμaH sem†c"eFI√Canuy eFI√CaGavuF ̆ ̆ ̆ ®besIrNas'@ !!! . 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Qr®Kb'p¬ËvCa®kum@ mkdl'CadMbUg k*cab'®btibti†kar®Kb'®Kg®beT skmıCa tambecçkeTsEdlF¬ab'eFI√Caecarb¬n' . b"uEn†Jk¥b¬n'VnE®bCaJ- k¥esI EdlkacsahaveXareXACagJk¥b¬n'eTAeTot e®JHc∫ab'rbs'Gg- kar®bKl'GP&y‰ksiTiÏ[ecaredIresI, ebImças'rwgTTwg sm¬ab'ecalcuHrYc GgkarCanrNa ? 58 ecaTfak∫t'Ggkar ̆ ̆ ̆. ®TB¥EdlesICadMbUgenaHKW Lan, m"UtU, kg', viT¥, naLika ́d, sIÊLË .l. ®Kb'@TIkEn¬g . ecareyaFaekμg@TSgenaHeronsÊat'cSmat'EtJk¥mYyX¬a niyayeTAkan'mças'®TB¥dUc@Kãafa – « GgkarsMuesImYyry:sin swmsgvij ́f©e®kay » . ®Blwm ́f©TI19 emsa TTYlBt·mand*c∫as'karN__mkfa GgkarbJÇa[XatkrVj'sm¬ab' elakvresniy‰k tan'-b"uk CaevCÇbNiÎtmnIÊreBT¥Tahan ®BmTSgsh- karI12nak' enAPUmibwg®BIg siƒtenAcm©ay5KILËEm"®t xaglicTI®kugVt'dM- bg . bnÊab'mkTTYldMNwgGkuslmkfa – manLankam∆"gbIe®KOgdwkna- yTahannigTahanx¬H nSykeTAVj'ecalxagt∫ËgPUmieQ¬øvcm©ay3K ̆m ̆ xagekItPMFibtI . ́f©dEdlem"ag3resol manLankam"∆g4e®KOgbrcUlmk dwknayTahannigTahanx¬H EdlsMNak'enAk~gbrievNviT¥al&yVt'dM- bg nSykeTAVj'sm¬ab'ecalenAPUmidegåaexIIy xaglicfll'Catielx5 cm©ay500Em"®t . eBlXatkrGaf·kMVMgVj'®Kab'sacædUcrnÊHKμanGasUr enaH manelaks&ki†®VM KS-KIrI nigelaks&ki†4 Pwm-GUn nigGkebIkbrLan mãak'eQμaH fac'-sflflunlIVneKcrt'rYc . enAl©ac ́f©TI19emsa ®bCaBlrdΩ ExμrenAk~gTI®kugVt'dMbgekItclacltk's¬ ̈ty"agx¬Sg e®JHTTYldMNwg bEnƒmminKYr[eCOfa ®bCaBlrdΩEdlmanTIlMenAenACitTI®kug nS®KYsareTA kan'pÊHsMEbg ®sab'Et®tUveyaFaekμg@sMuesI®TB¥sm∫ti†Gs'rlIgBIx¬Án rYc edjmin[cUlpÊH .l. eBlenaHTI®kugVt'dMbgmanmnusßkkkujCae®cIn elIslb'edIreTAedIrmk ®be®CotxßwbexßøvsYrKãafa – etInrNaTTYlC&yCM nHenH ? minEmnsem†c" minEmnexov-sMpneT... ? ®bEhlCaecareTdwg ? kMBug®CYl®cbl' ®sab'EtTTYldMNwgKYr[kk'ek†Amkfa BI®Bwkmijem"ag9 maneQμaH sUkU ehAmit†sflfluy nigelakExk-Eb"n ehAmit†sflflU EpkeyaFanig Ep~kneyaVy manebIkGg®bCMuCaelIkTImYyenAmhaviT¥al&ycMeJHmux saÂs†acar¥ ®KUbe®gon nignisßit . l©acenHem"ag4resol manebIkGg ®bCMuCaelIkTI2 enAbnÊaykgT&BEpkcit†saÂs† cMeJHnayTahan®Kb'@ Epk . EsÌk ́f©TI20emsa em"ag9nwgmanebIkGg®bCMuCaelIkTI3enAsala ext†Vt'dMbg cMeJHnamWunGkrdΩkar®Kb'@Epk TSgEpksIuvil TSgEpk®bCa BlrdΩTUeTA . eBlevlaebIkGg®bCMuTUeTAmkdl' ®bCaBlrdΩExμrrt'®bjay Grpg GgkarCanrNa ? 59 P&ypg eTACYbnigeTATTYlecAh√ayfIμ eTAs†ab'Epnkarmças'fIμ . ®bCaBl rdΩExμrmancMnYn®bEhlCag5Jn'nak' ®be®CotKãacUlkan'salaext†®Kb'@ rUb manTwkmuxe®koms©Át . em"ag10Kt' mit†sflflUEpkneyaVy nigmit†sflfluyEpkeyaFacUlmkdl' es¬økJk'exμA ®kmav&Nk Es∫keCIgeFI√BIkg'Lan . mit†sflflUk*ebIkGg®bCMu®bkasfa xM∆nigmit†sflfluymkCYbmit†TSgGs'enH Ca tMNagGgkarpÊal' ̆ ̆ ̆. eBlæeQμaHGgkar ®bCaBlrdΩTSgGs'P∆ak' k*ekH xßwb@sYrKãafa etIGgkarCanrNaeGH ? . dUecHminEmnsem†c" minEmn elakexov-sMpneT... Edl®tUvTTYlC&yCMnHenH ? . mit†sflflUVnæJk¥xßwb exßøvenHc∫as'las'Nas' b"uEn†vaeFI√f¬g'ehIyxMniyaykuhktamkll∫ic nigEpnkarrbs'GgkarEdl®JgTuk[Cae®sc smdUcJk¥bUraNmYyX¬a EdlVnEcgfa – « GUsTUkkMu[lÌan cab'®tIVnkMu[lÌk'Twk » . 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BYkxM∆nSJk¥ rbs'GgkarpÊal'mkCMrabmit†TSgGs' sMukMutk's¬ ̈tq©l'BIerOgEdlGgkarV nbJÇa[sm¬ab'nayTahannigTahanx¬H@enaH[esaH . e®JHenA ́f©TI18 emsaem"ag10 eyaFaeyIgcab'VnfSeBT¥mYyLanLg'r"UEvr brq¬gsıanfμfIμ eTAkan'p¬Ëvelx5 bMrugrt'ecjBI®beTsExμr . emTahanEdl®b®Bwt†bTelIμ senaH KWelaktan'-b"uk nigmit†12nak' . cMENknayTahannigTahan 7Lankam"∆ ̈g EdlGgkarecjbJÇa[nSykeTAsm¬ab'ecalCabnÊan'enaH e®JHmit†TSgGs'enaHk∫t'Ggkar manlak'GavuFbMrugtbtcMeJHGgkar Edl CaGkmanKuNd*elIslb'cMeJH®bCaBlrdΩExμr . dUecH®tUvEtsm¬ab' edIm∫I karJråbs&KnigTukCaKMrU » . mit†sflflUniyaykuhky"agEvg luHcb'k*sm¬wgmuxmit†sflfluyCasJÔa[niya yPrbn† . mit†sflfluyk*cab'epI†mniyaykMejIjfa – « En ! mit†eGIy ̆ ̆ ̆ mit†minGaceFI√GI√@kMVMgEPkrbs'GgkarVneLIy Gg karmanEPkdUcEp¬mãas' . cUrmit†kMuykt®mab'tamGak∫t'TSgLayenaH[ esaH eyIg®tUvEteXIjnigdwgKuNGgkar . emIlcuH®beTseyIgtUcEmn Bit EtedaysarGgkar eyIgGacsMerceCaKC&yvayQ~HCb"un, VrSg, Ga emrikSg CamhaGMNack~gBiPBelak nigbrivarva . eCaKC¥HeyIgGgÿy GgkarCanrNa ? 60 rg'cS2Jn'qSmkehIy .l. cab'BIeBlenHeTA Ggkar®bkasCaåLarwk elIkElgQb'®bkan'eTas®bCaCnExμrTSgGs' eTaHCanayTahan Taha n GkrdΩkar®Kb'Epk ®Kb'@Can'fãak' eyIg®tUvcab'db®gYbb®gYmsamKIKãaksag ®beTsCatimatuPUmisarCafIμ . ®bCaCnG~kE®scMkarGacnS®KYsar eKa ®kbIvil®tLb'eTAkan'TIlMenAerog@x¬ÁnVn e®JHrdUveFI√E®sCitmkdl'ehI- y . 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Ceyamhaelatep¬aH mhaGsçar¥ ! . ®bCa CnTSgenaHk*E®skbnÊrtamTSgTwkmuxe®kom®kM e®JHminyl'n&yrbs'J- k¥ «smrPUmi, vaysMruk» mindwgfaetImit†sflfluynigmit†sflflUenHcg'niyayfadU- em†c ! m"¥ageTotminsal'fanrNaCaGgkarpg . luHvil®tLb'mkCYb®KY- sarvij ®bCaCnTSgLayenaHk*Gg ̈y®teVmk∫alCgg'®KvIEtk∫alKμan Jk¥eqI¬ynwgsMnYrrbs'®bBnÏkUn, e®JHesckI†Ef¬gkarN__rbs'vaTSgBIr enaH dUcCaggitGnÏka manlak'Buty"agGaf·kMVMgKYr[sgß&yCay"agx¬Sg . cMENkmit†sflflUnigmit†sflfluyva®bmUlGkrdΩkar®Kb'Epk TSgkgT&BTSgsIu vil rYcbMEbktam®kum niyayy"agEpÌm®tCak'kuhkfa KWedIm∫IgaykarJr sni†suxnigEckes∫øgGahar e®JHGgkarpÌakcayluymYyry:sin . dUec~H®kumTI1CanayTahan®tUvsMNak'enAk~ ̈gbrievNsala esahW, ®kumTI2CanayTahanrg ®tUvsMNak'enAk~ ̈gbrievNviT¥al&yGflflabXut . ®kumTI3 smNak'enAk~gbrievNviT¥al&y®BHmunIvgß . ®kumTI4CaBYknamWun GkrdΩkarsIuvil®Kb'Epk sMNak'enAk~gbrievNsalaext†Vt'dMbg . ́f©TI20emsa eBlEdlmit†sflfluynigmit†sflflU kMBugEtebIksm&y®bCMuenA salaext†Vt'dMbg enA‰viT¥al&y®BHmunIvg߉eNaH Tahan®bmaN 1,350nak' kMBugEtte®mobCYrKãaeLIgLankam"∆g15e®KOg . em"ag3resol ́f©dEdl kEn¬gdEdl manLankam"∆g11e®KOgcUleTAdwkTahan900nak' eTot . k∫ÁnLanTSg2elIkbrq¬gkat'sÊwgsEg tamsıanfμfIμ eTAkan'p¬ËvCa- tielx5 dwkykeTAcUlkN†alGnÊak' Edl®kumXatkrGaf·kMVMgerobcMExß e®tomrg'cSCae®scenAp¬ËvcUlniKmsem†c"s√aydUnEkv ®tUv®kumenHVj' sm¬ab'ecalexÊc . enA ́f©TI23emsa em"ag®bEhl9®Bwk mit†sflfluyCatMNagGgkar manvr esniy‰k eLg-va"Gflflul es¬økJk'‰ksNΩany"agsÌatedIrCamYy mankan' GgkarCanrNa ? 61 bJÇImYysn¬wkk~g ́d beNI†rKãacUleTAkan'salaesahW rYcehAeQμaHna- yTahanCalMdab'lMeday rYcecjbJÇa[eTAkan'TIlMenAerog@x¬Ány"agyUr kn¬Hem"ag edIm∫Ies¬økJk'‰ksNΩan[Vn®twm®tUv edIm∫IeTATTYlsem†c" Edl®BHGgyagmktamåTÏm∏aKc®kcuHctenAEk∫rPMFibtI . luHnayTahan TSgGs'enaHvilmkCYbCMu®Kb'cMnYntambJIÇe®scVc' k*Ehrk∫ÁnBIsala esahWeTAkan'salaext†Vt'dMbg EdlmanLankam"∆g6e®KOgerobCak∫Án rg'cSenATIenaHCae®sc . nayTahanTSgGs'enaHk*eLIgLanTSgTwkmux jjwm . ́f©dEdlem"ag1kn¬Hresol k∫ÁnLankam"∆gTSg6e®KOgdEdldwknay Tahanes¬økJk'‰ksNΩany"agsÌatCae®cInrynak'eTot x¬HQr x¬HGg-- y x¬HCiHelIdMbUl ®be®CotCan'elIKãa . enAxagmuxk∫ÁnmanLanhßIbmYy e®KOgnigLg'r"UEvrmYye®KOg EdlmanemExμr®khm10nak'CiHCaGknSp¬Ëv ma nkSePI¬gxI¬enAcegH®Kb'@Kãa . xage®kayk∫Án manLankam"∆gmYye®KOgpÊk eyaFaekμg@®bmaN30nak' kan'kSePI¬gGaEGflflrEkgenA ́d®Kb'@Kãa CaGkEhr hmkarJr . eyaFaekμg@TSgenHmuxjjwm esIces∆js∆ajdUcs√aVneck sb∫ayrIkraye®tkGrNas' e®JHnwksμanfaVnCYbeXIjsem†c"mun eK ̆ ̆ ̆. eyaFaekμg@TSgenaHminVndwgTal'EtesaHnUvkll∫icrbs'Ggkar EdlbeJœat®bmUlCnCatirbs'x¬ÁnsuTÏEtnayTahanFM@ dwkykeTAsm¬a b'ecalelg@TeT@y"agenaHeT . k∫ÁnLanTSg9e®KOg ( LannSmux2 hßIb nig Lg'r"UEvr, Lankam"∆gTSg6e®KOgdwkTahan, Lankam"∆gmYye®KOgxag e®kaydwkeyaFaekμg@ ) EhrcakecjBIsalaext†Vt'dMbg brq¬gswÊgs- Eg ̊tamsıancas' eTAkan'p¬ËvCatielx5 . luHk∫ÁnLanbrecjputBIsıan elakvresniy‰kmUl-sarI niyayxßwb@CMrabelakeLg-ra"Gflflulfa – ®BH etCKuN GaGs'enHbeJœatnSBYkeyIgykeTAsm¬ab'eT . elakeLg-ra"Gflflu l®Bmanfa – mat'sIuGMbil®bhuk min®tUvniyaydUecHeTNa± . k∫ÁnLanTSg9e®KOgebIkbrVnEt30K ̆m ̆k~ ̈g1em"agEtb"ueNâaH e®JH p¬ËvCatielx5xUcxatminEdlVnCYsCuleLIgvijeT k~ ̈gry:eBl5q~S ́n sÂgamenH . Lanrlak'eFI√[GkCiHmãak'esIÊrF¬ak'BIelILan k∫alnigk∫al TgicKãaCajwkjab' . ≤LËvenHk∫ÁnLank*mkdl'PUmikac'reTH Lanrlak'x¬S geBk k∫almUl-sarIk*®sab'EtTgick∫aleLg-ra"Gflfluly"agx¬Sg . mUl- sarIyk ́dGEgÌlk∫albeNI†r EPksm¬wgeTsPaBPUmikac'reTHd*s©at'e®cob GgkarCanrNa ? 62 beNI†r . elakF¬ab'ecjcUlPUmienH®Kb'®ckl ̇k . elakk*ekHelakeLg- ra"Gflflulm†geTot®BmTSgxßwbfa ®BHetCKuNkMuTukcit†BYkva[esaH ! eyIgKYr ́llkrMedaHx¬ÁnNa± . TIenHCaPUmikac'reTHmansPaBs©at'lÌNas' TSg ®bCaCn TSgExμr®khm KμaneXIjmãak'eLIy . BYkeyIgmanKãae®cInrynak' GkebIkbrLank*KãaeyIg ®kumvamanEt40nak'b"ueNâaHeT .l. eBlenaHelakeLg-ra"GflflulEbrCamYrem"A k*THkMeP¬øgelakmUl-sarImY- y ́dy"agdMNM rYck*®canedjcuHBILan . elakmUl-sarI®tUvEtbg≈Mcit†enA es©ømm†geTot ̆ ̆ ̆. k∫ÁnLanTSg9e®KOgbrmkdl'p¬ËvbMEbkeTAs†S k*kac'cUleTAkan'PMFibtI nayTahanEdlCiHLankam"∆gTSg5e®KOgepßgenaHmanTwkmuxjjwme®JH sgÙwmfa manEt®kumx¬ÁneTEdlVnlut®kabsem†c"muneK . edIm∫ICarg√an' elIkTwkcit† sem†c"muxEtnwgdemI¬g[GatμaGjVnmYy®kWteTotCaBMuxan . cMENknayTahanEdlCiHk~gkam"∆gCamYymUl-sarI edayVnæJk¥xßw- bexßøv k*E®bTwkmuxeTACaCUrdUcsIu®kUcqμaeTAvij . k∫ÁnLanTSg9e®KOgk*Qb'sMctenAPUmieQ¬øv cm©ay3K ̆m ̆xagekItPM FibtI . eBlenaHLanhßIbnigLg'r"UEvrEdlemExμr®khmTSg10nak'CiHenaH k*br®tLb'mke®kay rYcE®skbJÇaedj[BYknayTahanTSgenaHcuHBILa- n ®BmTSghamfa minVc'[ykGI√@mktamx¬ÁneLIy . cUrsMrakenATIenH sincuH cMENkeyIg@nSLanTSgGs'eTATI®kugVt'dMbg edIm∫InwgdwknSGk rdΩkarepßg@mkbEnƒmeTot . luHk∫ÁnLanTSg9e®KOgbrecjputbni†c ela kmUl-sarIGt'®TSminVnk*E®skbJÇafa – ®BHetCKuNTSgGs'Kãa k~gnam xM∆CaemT&Bmãak' xM∆sUmecjbJÇaCMnYselakeLg-ra"Gflflul ! eBlenHGasnmk dl'eyIgTSgGs'KãaehIy ! dUecHebIman®Kab'kSePI¬gVj'e®sacmkelIeyI g sUmelakEdlminTan's¬ab' ®tUvEtrYmkm¬SgKãart'sMrukcUldeNI†mGavuFBI xμSgmkvij edIm∫ItTl'rYcBIkI†s¬ab' . Jk¥bJÇak*®tUvcb'®twmeNH e®JHXa tkrcab'epI†mVj'kSePI¬gFMædUcrnÊH e®sacmkelI ecjmkBITisTSg8 . ®Kab'man®Kb'Fun 30m ̆m ̆, 60m ̆m ̆, 81m ̆m ̆ nig Gaka47 . nayTahan TSgGs'enaHdYls¬ab'KrelIKãa . cMENkelakmUl-sarI luH®KaGasnmkdl'y"agenH elakk*edaHGav y&n†elIkTUlelIk∫al mat'CIbGUc@nwkKuNmatabita GMJvnav®Kb'Ebby"ag ́drbs'elakGUsTajnayTahan3nak'[rt'tamelakKW vresniy‰kb"ul GgkarCanrNa ? 63 -esOn, elakGnuesniyeTaXun nigelakmãak'eTotminsal'eQμaH . luH eKcecjputBIlanmrN:ehIy yb'enaHnayTahanTSgbYnnak' k*sMerc bMEbkKãaeTAkan'TIedAerog@x¬Án . e®kaymk elakGnuesniyeTaXun ®tUvExμr ®khmcab'x¬ÁnVn ehIyVj'sm¬ab'ecalenAPMsMeBA . cMENkelakmUl sarI VneTABYnsMNak'enAk~gPUmirnam-dUnsM . Ggkardak'Tis[elak X√aleKaGs'ry:eBlbYnqS . cMENkelakb"ul-esOnnigemT&Bmãak'eTot enaHVt'muxrhUt . k∫ÁnLanTSg9e®KOgk*br®tLb'ecjmkkan'p¬ËvCatielx 5vij . mkdl'ehIyk*Qb'sMctenATIenaHmYysnÊHH . ®sab'EtmanLan Lg'r"UEvrmYye®KOgbrmkQb'sMctTl'BImux rYcbeJçjG~kebIkbr6nak'fIμ CMnYsGkmun EdleKdwkykeTAVj'ecalenAxagt∫ËgenaHbni†c . emExμr®k hmbgab'[G~kebIkbr6nak'fIμedaHelxLan®Kvat'ecal rYcbJÇa[ebIkbr cUleTAkan'TI®kugVt'dMbgvijtamBYkva . ́f©dEdlevlaem"ag 2resol manLankam"∆g4e®KOgbrcUlbrievNsa laext†Vt'dMbg erobk∫ÁndwknSnamWunGkrdΩkarsIuvil dUcCaelakPUQYyext† TI1-TI2, naykariyal&yTSgGs', ®BwTÏnaykmhaviT¥al&y, naykviT¥al& y nigGkmuxGkkar TSgGs'k~gTI®kugVt'dMbg . eBlenaHelak@TSgGs' 'es¬økJk'tam‰ksNÏan tamyss&ki†erog@x¬Ány"ag®twm®tUvsÌatVt®Kb' @ jjwme®tomx¬Ánrg'cSenATIenaHCae®sc edIm∫ITTYlsem†c"CaTInwkrlwk . k∫ÁnLanTSgbYne®KOgEhrecjBIsalaext†Vt'dMbg rYcbrq¬gsÊwgs Eg ̊tamsıanfμcas'eTAkan'p¬ËvCatielx5 eBlenaHmanEtLanhßIbmYye®KO gKt'ebIkbrBImuxnSp¬Ëv . k~gLanhßIbmanEtemExμr®khmmãak' mankSePI¬gxI¬ enAnwgcegHHGg ̈YEk∫rGkebIkbr . enAVMgxage®kaymaneyaFaekμg@3nak' kan'kSePI¬gGaEGflflrEkg®Kb'@ ́dCaGkkarJr . emIlcuH, vaKμan®bug®by&teT e®JHvaeronsU®tVnsal'cMNucexßay ́nvr:CnExμrTSgenaHc∫as'Nas', vaemIlgay, vasnidΩanelakTSgGs' enaHCakUnTnßayGt'X¬an æEteQμaHsem†c"k*eVlsMrukcUlGnÊak'dUceXI jeckTMu . manelakFMx¬HEdlminTan'maneQμaHk~gbJÇI edaymkBIx¬ÁneTIb nwgp¬as'mkdl'ext†Vt'dMbg k*eTATTUcsMueKeTACamYyEdr . k∫ÁnLanTSg®VMe®KOgbrtamp¬ËvCatielx5 . luHeTAdl'PUmiGUrtaemov ®sukemagÚsßI manp¬ËvlMmYykac'bt'eTAeq√geTAkan'PUmí ́®C . emExμr®khm bJŒb'LanhßIb rYcelatcuHeFI√sJÔabJŒb'Lankam"∆gTSg4e®KOg ®BmTSg GgkarCanrNa ? 64 E®skbJÇa[G~kCiHTSgGs'®BmTSgG~kebIkbr cuHBILanminVc'ykGI√tam x¬ÁneT rYcvabJÇa[beNI†rKãaeTAkan'PUmí ́®C e®JHsem†c"cuHåTÏm∏aKc®kenATI enaH . luHk∫ÁndMeNIredIrputEtBIfl'CatiVncm©ayEt300Em"®tb"ueNâaH KWcM kN†alGnÊak'n®kumXatkrGaf·kMVMg EdlGgkarbJÇa[erobcMExße®tom BYnrg'cSCae®scy"aghμt'ct' . eBlenaHkSePI¬gt∫al'Fun300Em"®tb"ueNâaH KWcMkN†alGnÊak'n®kumXatkrGaf·kMVMgEdlGgkarbJÇa[erobcMExße®tom BYnrg'cSCae®scy"aghμt'ct' . eBlenaHkSePI¬gt∫al'Fun30m ̆m ̆, 81m ̆m nigGaka47 Vj'ecjBITisTSg8 e®sac®Kab'mkBIelIdUcrnÊH Gkrge®KaH s¬ab'KrelIKãaKμanesssl'dl'mãak'eLIy . exμacTSgenaHmaneKVneXIjpÊal'EPknigsal' KWelakPUQYyext†TI 1, TI2, elaknYn-saminCacagh√agBnÏnaKar, elaksiun-sava"tCaecAh√a- y®suksEg ̊r, elaknn-navaCanaykviT¥al&y, elakys'-r"nCanayk mhaviT¥al&y, elaktUc-eXOmCasaÂs†acar¥, elakEkv-yUL ̈gCanayk EpkhirJÔvtƒëext†, elaksflflan-fUemXMus√ayeV", elakKW-sflflanhU nighU-tug han CaefAEkeragc®kGareQI .l. mYysnÊ ̈HmanLanLg'r"UEvrmYye®KOgmkdl' k*beJçjGkebIkbrfIμ4na k' rYcemExμr®khmbJÇa[edaHelxLankam"∆g®Kvat'ecal rYceLIgebIkbr LanenaHtamLanhßIbrbs'vacUlkan'TI®kugVt'dMbgvij . ́f©dEdlem"ag®bEhl3resol manLanFM@®Kb'Fun®bmaN30e®KOg tMerobcYrxageCIgviT¥al&y®BHmunIvgß nigmYyCYreTotxaglicrhUtdl'vt† PIPit edIm∫IdwkTahanecjBIviT¥al¥HbeJœatfa KYrEtecjBITI®kugVt' dMbgP¬am@ e®JHGaemrikSgmkTm¬ak'®Kab'Ebkk~geBlqab'enH . k∫ÁnLancMnYn30e®KOgenHdwknSTahaneTAkan'niKmsem†c" XMutamWun manTahanm~ak'eQμaHesOnsl'enArs'VnGFib∫ayfa – eBlenaHem"ag ®bEhl5resol tMNagGgkar[sJÔabJŒb'LanTSgGs'CahUrEhrta mp¬ËvCatielx5, vaE®skbJÇa[TahanTSgGs'cuHBILan ®BmTSg®Vb'bEnƒ mfa minVc'ykGI√@tamx¬ÁneLIy ̆ ̆ ̆ vabJÇa[cUleTAkan'niKmsem†c" . luHedIrputEtbni†cBIfl'CatiEtb"ueNâaH vabJÇa[edIrcuHeTAvalE®sxageq√g ́d vabJÇa[tMerobCYrKãa[Vn®twm®tg' . karBitkEn¬genaHCakN†alGnÊak' Exße®tom ́nXatkrGaf·kMVMg, vaB&TÏrg'cSVj'sm¬ab'ecalCae®sc . dUecH GgkarCanrNa ? 65 10naTIe®kayBIkartMerobCYr ®sab'EtkSePI¬g®Kb'FunVj'e®sac®Kab'dUcrnÊH sm¬ab'Tahand*kMst'TSgenaHKμanemt†a, ®tUvs¬ab'KrelIKãa . esOnEdlenA rs'edaymkBIecH®kabbn¬MCamYyexμac rhUtdl'Jk'kN†alyb'e®CAeTIb lUnvarecjmkBITIenaHmkVn . ́f©TI23emsadEdl ®bEhlem"ag4reso l manLankam"∆g10e®KOgerobk∫ÁnenAp¬ËvCatielx5 enAmuxviT¥al&yGflflab- Xut, eBlenaHeXIjmit†sflfluyelatcuHBILanhßIb manbJÇImYysn¬wkenA ́d edIrcUleTAkan'brievNsalaEdlmanGs'elaknayTahanrg Edl®tUv eK®bmUlmkBI®Kb'TisTIcMnYn400nak' tMerobCYrCae®scrg'cSenATIenaH . mit†sflfluyk*ehAeQμaH rYcbJÇa[edIrecjeTAeLIgLanCahUrEhr edaykuhk fanSykeTAeronsU®tenAext†esomrab . k∫ÁnLanenHbrq¬gsÊwgsEgrtam sıanfIμeTAkan'p¬ËvCatielx5 breqıaHeTAext†esomrab . muxk∫ÁnLanenH man LanhßIbmYye®KOg EdlmanemExμr®khmbYnnak'CiHenAk~genaHebIkbrnSp¬Ëv . xage®kaymanLanLg'r"UEvrBIre®KOg maneyaFaekμg@®bEhl18nak' kan'kSePI¬gGaEGflflrEkg®Kb'd CaGkkarJrCUndMeNIr . luHk∫ÁnLaneTAdl' PUmiVt'kg LanhßIbQb' emExμr®khmelIk ́dCasJÔabJÇa[LanTSg Gs'Qb' ̆ ̆ ̆ emExμr®khmelatcuHBILan rYcE®skbJÇa[nayTahanrgTS genaHcuHBILan tMerobKãaCaCYr4@nak'tambeN†ayfl' . ®sab'EtrMeBCenaH man®kumGaf·kMVMgd*e®cInelIslb'ecjmkbg ̇ajx¬Án es¬økJk'exμA maDtU c@ muxmat'minEmnCaExμreT manGavuF®Kb'FunB&TÏCab'Cae®sc . eBlenaHmanmnusß®bEhl100nak' ≤tGavuFelatecjmk rYccab'Ta hanrgGs'TSgenaHcgs¬abeskbYn@nak'epÌabK~a rYcehIyk*Vj'sm¬ab' ecalenATIenaHeTA . ®sukmglbUrI manksidΩanExμr-Cb"unmYysiƒtenAEk∫rp¬ËvCatielx5 . cab'tSgBI®beTskmıCaekItsÂgam eKykkEn¬genaHCaTItSgkgT&BCati . enA ́f©TI19emsa man®kumXatkrGaf·kMVMgd*e®cInelIslb'ecjmk B&TÏTIenaHCab'tSgBI®Blwm . luHdl'em"ag9 emrbs'vaE®sktamem®kU bJÇa [naynigkUnTahan ®BmTSg®bBnÏkUn [ecjBIpÊH®bmUlKãaCYbCMukN†al valksidΩan . luHecjmkCYbCMue®scVc'ehIy vabJÇa[Vj'cMruHeTAelI Cnrge®KaHGs'TSgenaH . ®Kab'e®sacædUcrnÊH Cnrge®KaHdYls¬ab'Kg eCIgelIKãaKμansl'dl'mãak'eLIy . ❑ GgkarCanrNa ? 66 Ggkaredj®bCaCn[fyecjBITI®kugVt'dMbg enA ́f©TI23emsa em"ag®bEhl5resol e®kayBIdwknSnayTahan nayTahanrg namWunGkrdΩkarsIuvil nigGkmuxGkkarecjputBITI®kugGs' ®sab'EtmanLanhßIbCae®cIne®KOgebIkbrJseBjTI®kug E®skbMBg sem¬gtamem®kU ecjbJÇaCadac'Nat' edj®bCaCnTSgGs' [fyecj BITI®kug[Gs'k~gry:eBl24em"ag . luHæpÊal'®tecoknUvbJÇaCadac'Nat'd*cEm¬krbs'Ggkar EdlKμanExμr Nasal'CanrNaenaH man®bCaCnExμrx¬HP&ytk's¬ ̈tx¬SgeBkk*s¬ab'P¬am åTahrN__dUcelakehg-Lag cagh√agsaladMbUg elakKSgebHdUgs¬a b'mYyrMeBc . man®sICae®cInsn¬b'Vt'sμartI manrUbxM∆CaedImEdlsn¬b'V t'sμartICae®cInem"ag luHdwgx¬ÁneLIgvijeTIbyMdUcmnusßqÁt . man®bCaCn x¬Hrt'eTAedkkN†alfl' sm¬ab'x¬Án[Lankin . man®sICae®cInJn'nak' Edl®tUvGgkarbMEbkbI† nSeTATIGaf·kMVMg kMBugGgÿysMkuk{bkUnsMrk'Twk EPk ekItTuk≈swgVt'viJÔaN e®JHsgß&ysμanfa GgkarnSbI†GjeTAsm¬ab' eTdwg ? ®sab'EtæfaGgkarecjbJÇaedj®bCaCn[fyecjBITI®kug dUecHTuk≈ mYyCan'd*F©n' mksgt'elITuk≈mYyCan'eTot . man®sIx¬Hman ́pÊeJH®Kb'Ex ̆ ̆ kUnc∫gkMBugQWe®kakminrYc bI†®tUvGgkarnSykeTATTYlsem†c" ̆ ̆ ̆ ®sab' Et≤LËvenH®tUveKedj[fycakecjBITIlMenA ̆ ̆ ̆ {vasna ́n®bCaCnExμr ! ́nÂsI†Exμrd*kMst'eGIy ̆ ̆ ̆ etIeTACay"agNaeTA ? enAk~gkal:eTs:enH KμannrNaGacCYynrNaVneLIy . ®Blwm ́f© TI24emsa ®bCaCnCitmYylannak' ®tUvEtfyecjBITI®kugVt'dMbg . ́d m≈agBrkUntUc ́dm≈ageTotdwk ́dkUnFM manEtsMJymYyenAelIxg swgEt Vt ́dTeTTSgGs'Kãa . ®bCaCnTSgGs'edIrefIμreCIg e®JHGgkaresIrfyn† m"UtU rWum"k kg' tSgBÍ ́f©TI19emsaGs'rlIgeTAehIy . man®KYsarx¬H®tUv EsgEm""cas'Cra, Esg®bBnÏEdleTIbsMralkUnehIy, EsgbgbÌËnQW F©n'...Bikar beNI†reTAKμanTIedA . enA ́f©TI27emsa GgkarecjbJÇaCadac'Nat'bEnƒmmkeTot KWedj GgkarCanrNa ? 67 ®bCaCnTSgGs' [fyecj[putBIfl'Cati BIdgsÊwgcm©ayy"agticBIrKI LËEm"®t e®JHGgkarbEg√gdankMu[ExμreXIjBYkeyokkugcUlmk®bmUlGa- nikCnyYn nig®TB¥sm∫ti†®beTsExμr dwkykeTA®sukyYn . eBlenaHra- Âs†GkE®s ®tUvfyecjBIlMenATSgGs'Kãa . {BueTÏaeGIy ! etIExμrCamças'TwkdIrab'lannak'enaH nSkUntUc@ Em""cas' Cra eTA®CkenA‰Na ? . 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Gkx¬HE®skf©Ërfa – « {eTvtaelakeGIy ! etIrs'enAy"agdUcem†ceTA sUmelakCYypg@ ! » . evTnarebobenH eyIgF¬ab'eXIjEtk~gerOgkuneT EteBlenHGgkareFI√[Exμrrab'lannak' ®bTHesckI†evTnapÊal'@EPk . yb' enaH KμannrNaTTYlTandMeNkekIteT ®Kb'@KãabeNI†r®KYsarrkdITYlxıs' minlicTwkedIm∫InwgGgÿy®teVmk∫alk∫alCgg'Tl'P¬W ̆ ̆ ̆. ®bCaCnExμrEdlePosx¬ÁneTAkan'PUmikac'reTH k~gkgbwgFMshkrN__ ́®BtUcCae®cInJn'nak' edIredkJsval xagekItfl'Catielx5mancm©ay BI2K ̆m ̆ KμanTICMrkTal'EtesaH . ®Kb'@KãaP&ytk's¬ ̈tCa ́®kElg e®JH e®cIn ́f©eTAehIy KμannrNaTTYlxus®tUvkarJrsni†suxeLIy . enA ́f©TI14åsPa em"ag®bEhl3resol VnTTYldMNwgfa manGk kan'k†ab'mkdl'ehIy . ®Kb'@Kãae®tkGrNas' rt'®bjayeTATTYlecA- h√ayfIμ cg'dwgEpnkarfIμ . Gg®bCMuebIkenAkN†alvall ̇el ̇v kN†al ́f© ek†A . luH®bCaCnCae®cInJn'nak'mkCYbCMuehIy mYysnÊHFMeTIbeXIjmit† LS, mit†Kin, mit†Tit . mit†TSgbInak'enHCaemecary"agkacsahav sMNak' enAEtk~g ́®BrnamxagekItPUmibwgFMnigPUmikac'reTH . eBlenaHmaneyaFa GgkarCanrNa ? 68 ekμg@ Gayu®bEhl15qS man®sI3nak' ®bus3nak' kan'kSePI¬gGaEGflflrEkg ®Kb'@ ́dtamkarJr . eyaFaTSgenaHmanTwkmuxmS hak'dUcCamanKMnMurab' ryCatimkehIy ...hak'dUcCae®skX¬ansac'Qam®ss'@mkBInay . mit†LSEPk®khmEt¬ cab'epI†mniyayfa – « ®kumxM∆CatMNagGgkarpÊal' . Ggkardak'TisbJÇËn®kumxM∆mkkan'k†ab'mit†TSgGs'enAkgbwgFMenH . eyIg®tUvEtebIksmrPUmivaysMruk eFI√E®s®VMg eFI√E®svsßa . BIe®JHmit† TSgGs'KãahUbVy, VyekItmkBIE®s, dUecHeyIg®tUvEtdS®sUv . tSgBI dUntamk minEdleXIjnrNahUb®kdas' Edlski†PUminigc®kBti†begItCa DIb¬ËmenaHVneLIy . dgV"kåaEdleKGgÿysresrelItu k*hUbminekIt Edr . dUecHcab'BÍ ́f©enHeTA GgkarbegItdgV"kåanigsIÊLËfIμ KWng&l rnas' Eb"l cb Ex√v .l. » . eBlenaHmanmit†2nak'epßgeTot edIrcUlmkkan' Gg®bCMu EP~k®khmEt¬ muxkaceXareXAd*Gsçar¥ . mit†LSelIk ́dcgÌ ̈l ehI y®Vb'®bCaCnfa – « enHmit†ehok enaHmit†yin . Ggkarcat'tSgCaQ¬b emIlkarxus®tUvshkrN__enA ́®BtUceyIgenH » . luHcb'Gg®bCMud*e®kom®kMenH mit†LScab'epI†mb¬n'edaye®bIJk¥esICMnY- s . mit†LS®bkasesInaLika ́d viT¥ m"UtU kg' m"asIunedr . 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